Sagar Aryal, PhD

Sagar Aryal is a microbiologist and a scientific blogger. He completed his Ph.D. degree in Microbiology from the Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal in 2025. He was awarded the DAAD Research Grant to conduct part of his Ph.D. research work for two years (2019-2021) at Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarbrucken, Germany. Sagar is interested in research on actinobacteria, myxobacteria, and natural products. He is the Research Head of the Department of Natural Products, Kathmandu Research Institute for Biological Sciences (KRIBS), Lalitpur, Nepal. Sagar has more than 15 years of experience in blogging, content writing, and SEO. Sagar was awarded the SfAM Communications Award 2015: Professional Communicator Category from the Society for Applied Microbiology (Now: Applied Microbiology International), Cambridge, United Kingdom (UK). Sagar is also the ASM Young Ambassador to Nepal for the American Society for Microbiology since 2023 onwards.

Water Soluble Vitamins- B-Complex and C

September 5, 2022September 1, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Vitamins refer to any of a group of organic compounds which are essential for normal growth and nutrition and are required in small quantities in the diet. Vitamins are biologically … Read more

Prokaryotic Transcription- Enzymes, Steps, Significance

September 5, 2022August 31, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Transcription is the process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). In prokaryotic organisms transcription occurs in three phases … Read more

Prokaryotic DNA Replication- Enzymes, Steps and Significance

September 5, 2022August 30, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

DNA replication is the process by which an organism duplicates its DNA into another copy that is passed on to daughter cells. Replication occurs before a cell divides to ensure that … Read more

Biochemical Test of Escherichia coli (E. coli)

September 25, 2022August 28, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Biochemical Test of Escherichia coli (E. coli) Basic Characteristics Properties (E. coli) Capsule Capsulated Catalase Positive (+ve) Citrate Negative (-ve) Coagulase Negative (-ve) Flagella Flagellated Gas Positive (+ve) Gelatin Hydrolysis … Read more

Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1)- An Overview

September 5, 2022August 25, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Structure of Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) Herpesviruses are large (150-200 nm size), spherical in shape with icosahedral symmetry. The icosahedral protein capsid with average diameter 100 nm consists of … Read more

Mycobacterium tuberculosis- An Overview

September 5, 2022August 23, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Habitat of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Human is only a known reservoir. Usually found in the lungs but can also live in any part of the body. They may be obligate pathogen, … Read more

Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE)

September 5, 2022August 23, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) is a technique used for the separation of large deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules by applying to a gel matrix an electric field that periodically changes … Read more

Influenza A Virus: An Overview

October 13, 2023August 23, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Structure of Influenza A Virus Genome of Influenza A Virus Epidemiology of Influenza A Virus Replication in nucleus of Influenza A Virus Pathogenesis of Influenza A Virus Clinical manifestations of Influenza A Virus Complications of Influenza A … Read more

Electron Spin Resonance (ESR)- Principle, Instrumentation, Applications

September 5, 2022August 22, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) also known as Electron Magnetic Resonance (EMR) or Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) is a branch of absorption spectroscopy in which radiations having frequency in the microwave … Read more

Shigella dysenteriae- Pathogenicity and Clinical Manifestation

January 13, 2023August 22, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Shigella dysenteriae is a species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that is extremely pathogenic and causes severe dysentery. Infection with this organism often leads to ulceration of the intestinal … Read more