Online microbiology notes by SAGAR ARYAL
Epidemiology- History, Objectives and Types Epidemiology, as defined by Last, is “the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to the prevention and control of health problems”. Epidemiologists are concerned not only with death, illness, and disability, but also with more positive … Read moreEpidemiology- History, Objectives and Types
Laboratory Diagnosis of Klebsiella pneumoniae In the setting of pneumonia, infection with K. pneumoniae is confirmed by either sputum culture analysis, blood culture analysis or midstream urine depending upon the illness. The presence of gram-negative rods in Gram-stained smears suggests Klebsiella; they maybe capsulated and non-sporing. Material is inoculated into blood agar and Mac Conkey agar … Read moreKlebsiella pneumoniae- Lab Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention
For examination in June and November 2019, 2020 and 2021. Candidates for Cambridge International AS Level Biology study the following topics: 1 Cell structure 2 Biological molecules 3 Enzymes 4 Cell membranes and transport 5 The mitotic cell cycle 6 Nucleic acids and protein synthesis 7 Transport in plants 8 Transport in mammals 9 Gas … Read moreCambridge AS and A Level Biology Syllabus
NEB Class 11 Biology (Botany + Zoology) Syllabus I. Introduction Biology, being the science of nature, deals the fascinating changes, which continuously takes place in the living world. Every person is expected to understand the nature of which is a part. One needs to be familiar with the changes taking place in nature. The study … Read moreNEB Class 11 Biology (Botany + Zoology) Syllabus
NEB Class 12 Biology (Botany + Zoology) Syllabus 1. Introduction Biology for Grade XII builds on the foundation of Biology and seeks to students’ knowledge and practical understanding of the life process. It inculcates theoretical understanding, practical work out and analytical thinking. This course is designed to make the students better prepared for further studies … Read moreNEB Class 12 Biology (Botany + Zoology) Syllabus
CBSE Class 11 Biology Syllabus (2019-2020) CBSE Board Class 11 Biology latest syllabus for students for the academic year 2019-2020 Unitwise Marking Scheme of Biology Unit Title No. of Periods Marks I Diversity of Living Organisms 23 10 II Structural Organisation in Plants and Animals 23 12 III Cell: Structure and Function 34 14 IV … Read moreCBSE Class 11 Biology Syllabus (2019-2020)
CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus (2019-2020) CBSE Class 12 Biology syllabus for 2019-2020 along with the marking scheme and no. of periods. Unit Title No. of Periods Marks VI Reproduction 30 14 VII Genetics and Evolution 40 18 VIII Biology and Human Welfare 30 14 IX Biotechnology and its Applications 30 10 X Ecology and … Read moreCBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus (2019-2020)
General Characters of Phylum Protozoa Some of the characteristics are: There are about 50,000 known species of Phylum Protozoa. Protozoans exhibit mainly two forms of life; free-living (aquatic, fresh water, sea water) and parasitic (ectoparasites or endoparasites). They are also commensal in habitat. They are small, usually microscopic, not visualize without a microscope. They are … Read moreGeneral Characters of Phylum Protozoa
Classification of Phylum Protozoa Phylum protozoa is a large and varied group and possess a complication in its classification. The conventional scheme followed by Hyman (1940), Hickman (1961) and Storer (1965) etc. recognizes two subphyla on the basis of organs of locomotion and 5 classes as follows: Sub Phylum A: Plasmodroma Locomotory organelles are flagella, … Read moreClassification of Phylum Protozoa
Lower and Higher Invertebrates with their differences The invertebrates are usually classified as Lower Invertebrates and Higher Invertebrates. Lower Invertebrates The lower invertebrates are simple in body organization. They are generally small in size. These are thought to have originated in the main lines of evolution, near the base of the phylogenetic tree of Animal … Read moreLower and Higher Invertebrates with their differences