Sagar Aryal, PhD

Sagar Aryal is a microbiologist and a scientific blogger. He completed his Ph.D. degree in Microbiology from the Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal in 2025. He was awarded the DAAD Research Grant to conduct part of his Ph.D. research work for two years (2019-2021) at Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarbrucken, Germany. Sagar is interested in research on actinobacteria, myxobacteria, and natural products. He is the Research Head of the Department of Natural Products, Kathmandu Research Institute for Biological Sciences (KRIBS), Lalitpur, Nepal. Sagar has more than 15 years of experience in blogging, content writing, and SEO. Sagar was awarded the SfAM Communications Award 2015: Professional Communicator Category from the Society for Applied Microbiology (Now: Applied Microbiology International), Cambridge, United Kingdom (UK). Sagar is also the ASM Young Ambassador to Nepal for the American Society for Microbiology since 2023 onwards.

Biochemical Test of Hafnia alvei

September 5, 2022May 1, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Biochemical Test of Hafnia alvei Basic Characteristics Properties (Hafnia alvei) Capsule Non-Capsulated Catalase Positive (+ve) Citrate Positive (+ve) Flagella Flagellated Gas from Glucose Positive (+ve) Gelatin Hydrolysis Negative (-ve) Gram … Read more

Phagocytosis- definition, mechanism, steps with example

June 27, 2022May 1, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Phagocytosis- Introduction, Mechanism, Steps and Example

What is phagocytosis? Phagocytosis is a process by which cells ingest large particles (> 0.5 micrometers) into membrane-bound vesicles called phagosomes, which are then targeted to the lysosomes for enzymatic … Read more

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)- An Overview

September 7, 2022April 30, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that affects part of the urinary tract. The urinary system is made up of the kidneys, ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra. Most UTIs are restricted … Read more

Varicella Zoster Virus- An Overview

September 5, 2022April 28, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Structure of Varicella Zoster Virus Image Source: Creative Diagnostics Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is an alphaherpesvirus that is in the same subfamily as herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1 and 2. VZV … Read more

Storage Granules- Definition, Structure, Functions and Diagram

August 3, 2023April 27, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Storage Granules Definition Storage granules are membrane-bounded vesicles containing condensed materials. They are also known as zymogen granules or condensing vacuoles. Storage granules are an important component of metabolism in … Read more

Biochemical Test of Gardnerella vaginalis

September 5, 2022April 25, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Image Source: House Call, MD Some of the characteristics are as follows: Basic Characteristics Properties (Gardnerella vaginalis) Capsule Negative (-ve) Catalase Negative (-ve) Flagella Negative (-ve) Gas Negative (-ve) Gelatin … Read more

Biochemical Test of Burkholderia pseudomallei

September 1, 2023April 24, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Image Source: University of Cambridge Some of the characteristics are as follows: Basic Characteristics Properties (Burkholderia pseudomallei) Capsule Positive (+ve) Catalase Positive (+ve) Citrate Mostly Negative (-ve) Flagella Positive (+ve) … Read more

Active Immunity vs Passive Immunity- 19 Key Differences

August 3, 2023April 20, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Differences between Active Immunity and Passive Immunity

Immunity can be defined as the ability of a multicellular organism’s body to protect itself from foreign agents and infectious agents, by being able to destroy them to prevent further … Read more

Biochemical Test of Edwardsiella tarda

September 5, 2022April 19, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Image Source: https://www.flandershealth.us/prokaryotes-6/l-is-il-v.html Some of the characteristics are as follows: Basic Characteristics Properties (Edwardsiella tarda) Catalase Positive (+ve) Citrate Negative (-ve) Flagella Peritrichous Gas Positive (+ve) Gelatin Hydrolysis Negative (-ve) … Read more

Biochemical Test of Enterobacter aerogenes

September 5, 2022April 18, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Image Source: MicrobeWiki and Getty Images. Some of the characteristics are as follows: Basic Characteristics Properties (Enterobacter aerogenes) Capsule Positive (+ve) Catalase Positive (+ve) Citrate Positive (+ve) Flagella Positive (+ve) … Read more