Prashant Dahal 
‘The simpler it is, the harder it is to understand.’ This idiom fits viruses. Viruses are the most astonishing creation of nature. Despite their simple physical and molecular structure, they … Read more
Culture media are solid, semisolid, or liquid preparations containing essential nutrients and minerals vital for microorganisms’ survival and growth. They are also called growth media. They provide nutritional requirements and … Read more
Vibrio vulnificus is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, curved rod-shaped, motile, Gammaproteobacteria of the Vibrio genus in the Vibrionaceae family. It is one human pathogenic species of the Vibrio genus together … Read more
Cefsulodin-Irgasan-Novobiocin Agar (CIN Agar), also known as Yersinia Selective Agar, is a selective and differential culture medium used to selectively isolate and identify Yersinia spp., specifically strains of Yersinia enterocolitica. … Read more
‘Are viruses living or non-living?’ This has been a contentious topic in the scientific world. Actually, the answer to this question depends on what we consider living or how we … Read more
Bacteria are pleomorphic i.e. they show different morphological characters. Based on their shape, bacteria are mainly classified into four main groups viz. coccus (spherical shaped), bacillus (rod-shaped), spirilla or spirochete … Read more
Based on the ability of organisms to survive and grow either in the presence or absence of oxygen, they are generally classified as aerobic and anaerobic organisms. However, a third … Read more
The Earth is home to a wide variety of living beings. It is estimated that about 8.7 million species of living beings are currently on the Earth of which 1.2 … Read more
Echocardiography (Echo) is a non-invasive medical procedure that uses high-frequency sound (ultrasound) to investigate the heart’s anatomy and function. This test uses 1.5 to 7.5 MHz sound waves to examine … Read more
Electrocardiogram, commonly known as ECG or EKG is a medical test report indicating the heart’s electrical activity and rhythm during repeated cardiac cycles. It is printed on grid paper called … Read more
