Sagar Aryal, PhD

Sagar Aryal is a microbiologist and a scientific blogger. He completed his Ph.D. degree in Microbiology from the Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal in 2025. He was awarded the DAAD Research Grant to conduct part of his Ph.D. research work for two years (2019-2021) at Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarbrucken, Germany. Sagar is interested in research on actinobacteria, myxobacteria, and natural products. He is the Research Head of the Department of Natural Products, Kathmandu Research Institute for Biological Sciences (KRIBS), Lalitpur, Nepal. Sagar has more than 15 years of experience in blogging, content writing, and SEO. Sagar was awarded the SfAM Communications Award 2015: Professional Communicator Category from the Society for Applied Microbiology (Now: Applied Microbiology International), Cambridge, United Kingdom (UK). Sagar is also the ASM Young Ambassador to Nepal for the American Society for Microbiology since 2023 onwards.

Epidemic: Definition, Causes, Types, and Response

December 19, 2024August 2, 2024 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Epidemic- Definition, Causes, Types, and Response

An epidemic is the rapid spread of infectious diseases to a large number of people in a given population within a short period of time. Causes of Epidemics Epidemics of … Read more

Biochemical Test of Klebsiella pneumoniae

January 2, 2025July 3, 2024 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Biochemical Test of Klebsiella pneumoniae

Characteristics Klebsiella pneumoniae Capsule +ve Catalase +ve Citrate +ve Flagella -ve Gas +ve Gelatin Hydrolysis -ve Gram Staining -ve Growth in KCN +ve H2S -ve Indole -ve Motility -ve MR … Read more

Host-Parasite Interactions: Types, Mechanisms & Example

December 30, 2024July 2, 2024 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Host-Parasite Interactions

Parasitism is a type of symbiotic relationship between two organisms: a parasite, usually the smaller of the two, and a host, upon which the parasite is physiologically dependent. The host in a host-parasite interaction is … Read more

Mass Spectrometry Explained: Principle, Steps & Uses

April 9, 2025July 1, 2024 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Mass Spectrometry (MS)

Mass Spectrometry (MS) is an analytical chemistry technique that helps identify the amount and type of chemicals present in a sample by measuring the mass-to-charge ratio and abundance of gas-phase … Read more

Ion Exchange Chromatography: Principle, Parts, Steps, Uses

May 26, 2024May 21, 2024 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Ion Exchange Chromatography

Chromatography is the separation of a mixture of compounds into their individual components based on their relative interactions with an inert matrix. What is Ion Exchange Chromatography? Ion exchange chromatography … Read more

Eukaryotic Transcription: Enzymes, Features, Steps, Uses

May 21, 2024May 19, 2024 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Eukaryotic Transcription

Eukaryotic Transcription Transcription occurs in eukaryotes in a way that is similar to prokaryotes with reference to the basic steps involved. However, some major differences between them include: Enzyme(s) Involved in … Read more

Electron Microscope: Principle, Types, Uses, Labeled Diagram

May 26, 2024May 17, 2024 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Electron Microscope

An electron microscope is a microscope that uses a beam of accelerated electrons as a source of illumination. It is a special type of microscope having a high resolution of … Read more

Agarose Gel Electrophoresis: Principle, Parts, Steps, Uses

May 26, 2024May 14, 2024 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Agarose Gel Electrophoresis

Agarose gel electrophoresis is a method of gel electrophoresis used in biochemistry, molecular biology, genetics, and clinical chemistry to separate a mixed population of macromolecules such as DNA , RNA or proteins in a matrix … Read more

Spectrophotometer: Principle, Instrumentation, Applications

May 26, 2024May 1, 2024 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Spectrophotometer- Principle, Instrumentation, Applications

What is a spectrophotometer? Principle of Spectrophotometer The spectrophotometer technique is to measure light intensity as a function of wavelength. It does this by diffracting the light beam into a … Read more

Scope and Applications of Microbiology in 2024

April 30, 2024April 27, 2024 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Scope and Applications of Microbiology

Microorganisms are present everywhere on earth which includes humans, animals, plants and other living creatures, soil, water and atmosphere. Microbes can multiply in all three habitats except in the atmosphere. … Read more