Mutation: Causes, Mechanisms, Agents and Significance
Causes and Mechanisms of Mutation Agents of Mutations Radiation and Radioactive Decays Temperature Chemical Agents Biological agents Significance of Mutations References
Sagar Aryal
What are the types of Mutations?
The mutation is a process that produces a gene or chromosome that differs from the wild type (arbitrary standard for what “normal” is for an organism). The mutation may result … Read more
Brain Lipid Extraction Protocol
“Brain lipid extracts” refers to a lipid mixture extracted from the brain tissue of animals. It has been found that such brain lipid extracts contain a mixture of long chain … Read more
Protocol of chloroplast isolation
The chloroplast is an important organelle found in plant cells that conduct photosynthesis. It is enclosed by a pair of closely spaced membranes, the double-membrane envelope, consisting of the inner … Read more
Protocol: Phenol-chloroform extraction of prokaryotic DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction is the process by which DNA is separated from proteins, membranes, and other cellular material contained in the cell from which it is recovered. The simplest … Read more
Rapid Method for Enumeration of E. coli Biotype I
This method is modified by Anderson and Parker. Prepare serial tenfold dilutions in peptone water of food. Aseptically transfer sterile cellulose acetate membranes to the surface or dried glutamate agar. … Read more
Mitosis vs. Meiosis: 32 Major Key Differences
Here are some of the differences between Mitosis and Meiosis S.N. Character Mitosis Meiosis 1. Alternate Name Equational Division Reduction Division 2. Discovered by Walther Flemming Oscar Hertwig 3. … Read more
Mendel’s 3 Laws (Segregation, Independent Assortment, Dominance)
Mendel’s Experiment Mendel carried out breeding experiments in his monastery’s garden to test inheritance patterns. He selectively cross-bred common pea plants (Pisum sativum) with selected traits over several generations. After crossing … Read more
Oxygen Release in Photosynthesis Protocol
Photosynthesis is the biological process that converts sunlight into chemical energy. It is employed by plants, algae and certain bacteria. It provides the basis for life on Earth and is … Read more
Nitrogen Cycle- Definition, Steps, Process, Significance
The movement of nitrogen between the atmosphere, biosphere, and geosphere in different forms is called the nitrogen cycle and is one of the major biogeochemical cycles. Steps of Nitrogen Cycle 1. Nitrogen Fixation The first stage … Read more