Biochemistry

Biochemistry is a branch of science that deals with the structure, composition, and metabolism of biomolecules found in different living organisms.

Biochemistry is also termed ‘biological chemistry’ as it deals with the chemistry of life that utilizes techniques from analytical, inorganic, and organic chemistry.
Metabolic processes in living beings are composed of catabolic and anabolic processes. Both of these processes involve metabolic reactions involving biochemical compounds.
Biochemistry is also used in techniques that help to understand the interactions, metabolism, and functions of biomolecules.
Important biomolecules like proteins, carbohydrates, fats, nucleic acid, vitamins, etc. are essential structural and physiological components of living organisms.
The study of the biochemical composition of living beings is important as it helps to understand the molecular mechanisms of various biochemical phenomena like respiration, photosynthesis, fermentation, etc.
The findings of these studies, in turn, can be applied in industries, nutrition, medicine, and agriculture for different purposes.
The rate of biochemical reactions, enzymes, and the concentration of substrates and products give essential information about the organism.
Biochemical reactions form the basis of biochemical testing that is used for the identification and differentiation of microorganisms into different groups.
Results of studies involving different biochemical tests can be applied for the production of pharmaceutical products that selectively inhibit certain metabolic processes.
Techniques in biochemistry have been increasingly combined with techniques from other fields like agriculture, genetic, molecular biology, and biophysics.
Biochemistry also allows the understanding of nutritional requirements for different living organisms.
Biochemical compounds have been increasingly used even for the diagnosis of different diseases like diabetes.
The determination of the genetic composition of living beings is also a part of biochemistry which helps in genetic studies and diagnosis of genetic diseases.
Biochemical analysis of different biomolecules assists in the study relating to the origin and evolution of living beings.
An understanding of different biochemical processes helps to understand the complexity of different groups of living beings and their relationship with one another.

Glycolysis- Steps, ATP generation and Significance

February 4, 2021August 4, 2018 by Sagar Aryal

Fermentation and respiration are two major strategies for energy conservation in chemoorganotrophs. The glycolytic pathway is a major metabolic pathway for microbial fermentation which involves the catabolism of glucose into pyruvate. It is also called the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway for its major discoverers. Regardless of whether glucose is fermented or respired, it travels through this pathway thus it is referred to …

29 Difference between exotoxins and endotoxins

July 8, 2020July 26, 2018 by Sagar Aryal

Differences between Exotoxins and Endotoxins Toxins are small molecules, peptides, or proteins produced by living cells that are capable of causing diseases or structural damage when they come in contact or are absorbed by tissues. Toxins and enzymes play an important role in the pathogenicity of pathogenic bacteria. Toxins may aid in invasiveness, damage cells, inhibit cellular processes, or trigger immune …

Protein Structure- Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary

February 4, 2021May 6, 2018 by Sagar Aryal

Four levels of hierarchy in protein conformation can be described. A. PRIMARY STRUCTURE PRIMARY STRUCTURE refers to the order of the amino acids in the peptide chain. 1. The free α-amino group, written to the left, is called the amino-terminal or N-terminal end. 2. The free α-carboxyl group, written to the right, is called the carboxyl-terminal or C-terminal end. B. …