Online Microbiology and Biology Notes
Anupama Sapkota 
Image Source (Nitrogen Cycle): Wikipedia. Nitrification Definition Nitrification is a biological process of oxidation of ammonia into nitrite which is then followed by the oxidation of nitrite into nitrate. Nitrification is a part of the nitrogen cycle where living beings oxidize ammonia present in the soil into useful forms of nitrogen that can then be … Read more 15 differences between Nitrification and Denitrification
Phenotype Definition Phenotype is a term used in genetics to refer to all the observable traits in organisms as a result of the interaction of the genotype with the environment. The term ‘pheno’ in ‘phenotype’ refers to ‘observe’ and thus phenotype is used to indicate the observable characteristics in organisms like its height and color. … Read more 10 differences between Phenotype and Genotype with examples
Note: Each image source are given below in this post of respective subheadings. 1. Amoeba under the microscope Amoeba is a unicellular organism in the Kingdom Protozoa. It is a eukaryote and thus has membrane-bound cell organelles and protein-bound genetic material with a nuclear membrane. Amoeba moves with their pseudopodia, which are a specialized form … Read more How these 26 things look like under the microscope (with diagrams)
Image Source: Spencerbaron and YassineMrabet. Incomplete dominance definition Incomplete dominance is a mechanism of dominance in heterozygotes, where the dominant allele does not entirely overcome the phenotypic expression of the recessive allele, and there occurs an intermediate phenotype in the heterozygote. Incomplete dominance is also called partial dominance or semi-dominance as the phenotype resulting from … Read more 10 differences between Incomplete dominance and Co-dominance
Homozygous Definition Homozygous is a genetic condition where an individual inherits the same alleles of a gene from both the parents. In homozygous chromosomes, both alleles are either dominant or recessive. The dominant trait is represented by two capital letters (XX) and the recessive trait is represented by two lowercase letters (xx). Homozygous-dominant chromosomes carry … Read more 10 differences between Homozygous and Heterozygous
What is Apoptosis? Apoptosis is a normal genetically programmed cell death where an aging cell at the end of its life cycle shrinks and its remaining fragments are phagocytosed without any inflammatory reaction. The term apoptosis was first introduced in a paper in 1972 by Kerr, Wyllie, and Currie to describe a morphologically distinct type … Read more Apoptosis- definition, pathways, assay, examples (vs Necrosis)
Heterochromatin Definition Heterochromatin is a tightly packed or condensed DNA that is characterized by intense stains when stained with nuclear stains, containing transcriptionally inactive sequences. It exists in multiple variations, up to four to five state, each of which is marked with combinations of epigenetic markers. The staining of heterochromatin might result in heteropycnosis; heteropycnosis … Read more 16 Differences Between Heterochromatin and Euchromatin
Habitat Definition A habitat is a natural environment where a particular organism lives and utilizes the resources of that place for its survival, food, shelter, protection, and mating. The term habitat has been derived from the Latin word, ‘habitāre’ which means ‘to inhabit’. The habitat of an organism is characterized by its physical and biological … Read more 14 differences between Habitat and Niche (Habitat vs Niche)
Flora Definition The term ‘flora’ is defined as all the naturally occurring native plants of a particular region. Flora indicates all forms of plant life, more generally used to represent the plant life of a particular place. Sometimes, the term ‘microflora’ or ‘gut flora’ is used to represent the naturally occurring microorganisms, mainly, bacteria and … Read more 12 differences between Flora and Fauna (Flora vs Fauna)
Epithelial Tissue Definition Epithelial tissue is a type of animal tissue, consisting of closely aggregated polyhedral cells connected firmly to one another in the form of cellular sheets that line the interior of hollow organs and cover the body surface. Cells in epithelial tissue or epithelium (epithelia; plural) are arranged in continuous sheets, in either … Read more 15 differences between epithelial tissue and connective tissue