Sagar Aryal, PhD

Sagar Aryal is a microbiologist and a scientific blogger. He completed his Ph.D. degree in Microbiology from the Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal in 2025. He was awarded the DAAD Research Grant to conduct part of his Ph.D. research work for two years (2019-2021) at Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarbrucken, Germany. Sagar is interested in research on actinobacteria, myxobacteria, and natural products. He is the Research Head of the Department of Natural Products, Kathmandu Research Institute for Biological Sciences (KRIBS), Lalitpur, Nepal. Sagar has more than 15 years of experience in blogging, content writing, and SEO. Sagar was awarded the SfAM Communications Award 2015: Professional Communicator Category from the Society for Applied Microbiology (Now: Applied Microbiology International), Cambridge, United Kingdom (UK). Sagar is also the ASM Young Ambassador to Nepal for the American Society for Microbiology since 2023 onwards.

Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS): Definition, Types

July 11, 2025June 19, 2025 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) is a robust platform that has enabled the sequencing of thousands to millions of DNA molecules simultaneously. Next-generation sequencing (NGS), also known as high-throughput sequencing, is … Read more

NEET Biology Syllabus 2025-26 with Study Notes

June 21, 2025June 17, 2025 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

The National Testing Agency (NTA) has been conducting the NEET (UG) since 2019 with the approval of the Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, in the … Read more

Biochemical Test of Bacillus cereus

May 19, 2025April 17, 2025 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Basic Characteristics Properties (Bacillus cereus) Catalase Positive (+ve) Citrate Positive (+ve) Gelatin Hydrolysis Negative (-ve) Gram Staining Positive (+ve) Growth in KCN Positive (+ve) Hemolysis Positive (+ve) Indole Negative (-ve) … Read more

List of Myxobacteria species discovered (Updated 2025)

May 2, 2025April 16, 2025 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Until May 2025, there are two orders, eight families, 31 genera, and 110 species of myxobacteria (validly published under LPSN). These fall under the class Deltaproteobacteria (synonym: Myxococcia) and phylum … Read more

Coronavirus Overview: Structure, Genome & Pathogenesis

April 9, 2025February 8, 2025 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Structure of Coronavirus Figure: Structure of Coronavirus, created with biorender.com Genome of Coronavirus Epidemiology of Coronavirus Replication of Coronavirus Figure: Replication of Coronavirus, created with biorender.com Pathogenesis of Coronavirus Clinical manifestations of Coronavirus Lab Diagnosis of Coronavirus Specimen: respiratory secretions, stool (HKU1) Treatment of Coronavirus … Read more

Biochemical Test of Citrobacter freundii

April 9, 2025January 12, 2025 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Biochemical test of Citrobacter freundii Basic Characteristics Properties (Citrobacter freundii) Capsule Negative (-ve) Catalase Positive (+ve) Citrate Positive (+ve) Flagella Positive (+ve) Gas from glucose Positive (+ve) Gelatin Hydrolysis Negative (-ve) … Read more

Human metapneumovirus and HMPV Infection Explained

January 8, 2025 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Disclaimer: The information presented on the website is for academic, study, and general information purposes only. The information presented on the website must not be used for the purpose of … Read more

Classification of Bacteria: Methods and Criteria Explained

December 28, 2024November 13, 2024 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Classification of Bacteria on the Basis of Shape

Bacteria are classified and identified to distinguish one organism from another and to group similar organisms by criteria of interest to microbiologists or other scientists. The classification of bacteria serves a variety of … Read more

Cross-Sectional Study: Definition, Types & Applications

December 28, 2024November 11, 2024 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

A cross-sectional study (also known as a cross-sectional analysis, transverse study, prevalence study) is a type of observational study that analyzes data from a population, or a representative subset, at a specific point in time. It examines … Read more

Staphylococcus aureus- An Overview

December 19, 2024October 23, 2024 by Sagar Aryal, PhD

Habitat of Staphylococcus aureus Morphology of Staphylococcus aureus Cultural characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus Biochemical characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus Virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus A. Cell wall components B. Enzymes C. Toxins Clinical … Read more