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Sagar Aryal, PhD

Dr. Sagar Aryal is a microbiologist, researcher, and science communicator from Nepal. He is also co-founder and Research Head of the Department of Natural Products at the Kathmandu Research Institute for Biological Sciences (KRIBS), where he leads research on natural product discovery and microbial biodiversity. Dr. Aryal earned his Ph.D. in Microbiology from Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal, in 2025, supported by a DAAD Research Grant and a University Grants Commission (UGC) Nepal Ph.D. Fellowship. His research interests include Actinomycetes, Myxobacteria, microbial taxonomy, and natural products, particularly the discovery of bioactive compounds with potential pharmaceutical applications. He isolated and identified Nocardia nepalensis, a novel bacterial species from Nepal, contributing to understanding microbial diversity in the region. Dr. Aryal has published more than 16 research articles in international journals and contributed three book chapters to established academic publications. He has presented scientific research findings and developed international research collaborations through visits to more than 18 countries across Asia, Europe, North America, and Oceania. From 2023 to 2025, he served as the American Society for Microbiology (ASM) Young Ambassador to Nepal. Since December 2025, he has served as an Editorial Board Member of Scientific Reports, a Nature Portfolio journal. In recognition of his scientific contributions, Dr. Aryal received the NAST Science and Technology Youth Award 2025 from the Nepal Academy of Science and Technology. He previously received the Frs. Locke and Stiller Research Award (LSRA) for the 2017-2018 cycle from St. Xavier's College, Kathmandu, and a Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST) Research Grant for 2017-2018. Alongside his scientific career, Dr. Aryal has more than 15 years of experience in blogging, content writing, and search engine optimization (SEO).

Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) Agar- Composition, Principle, Preparation, Results, Uses

May 4, 2022January 2, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD
Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) Agar

In 1919, Rosenow devised an excellent medium for culturing streptococci by using a dextrose broth supplemented with brain tissue. Rosenow’s formulation was later modified by Hayden who found the addition … Read more

O antigen and H antigen- Definition and 21 Key Differences

January 26, 2022January 2, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD
Differences between O Antigen and H Antigen

Difference between O Antigen and H Antigen The surface structures of bacteria have considerable antigenic heterogeneity. Often these antigens are used as part of a serologic classification system for the … Read more

Chocolate Agar- Composition, Principle, Preparation, Results, Uses

February 8, 2025January 2, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD
Chocolate Agar

Chocolate agar is essentially the same as blood agar except that during preparation the red blood cells are lysed when added to molten agar base. As a result, the cell … Read more

CHROMagar- Composition, Principle, Preparation, Results, Uses

May 4, 2022January 2, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD
CHROMagar (Rambach Agar)

The first chromogenic culture medium for the detection of E. coli was invented and patented by Dr. A. Rambach in 1979. This technology is a color-based differentiation method. It is … Read more

CLED Agar- Composition, Principle, Preparation, Results, Uses

January 8, 2022January 2, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD
Cystine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient (CLED) Agar

Cystine-Lactose-Electrolyte-Deficient (CLED) medium, first described by Sandys and later modified by Mackey and Sandys, is generally used for diagnostic routine urinary bacteriology as a non-selective medium capable of supporting the growth of … Read more

Streptococcus Selective Agar- Composition, Principle, Preparation, Results, Uses

January 8, 2022January 2, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD
Streptococcus Selective Agar

Roantree et al introduced a medium for isolation of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. The medium-enriched with yeast nucleic acid and maltose promoted increased colony size and enhanced clarity and sharpness … Read more

TCBS Agar- Composition, Principle, Preparation, Results, Uses

January 13, 2023January 2, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD
Result Interpretation on Thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose (TCBS) Agar

Thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose (TCBS) Agar, is a type of selective agar that is used in microbiology laboratories to isolate Vibrio species. TCBS Agar is a selective differential medium for isolating and cultivating Vibrio cholerae … Read more

Lactobacilli MRS Broth- Composition, Principle, Preparation, Results, Uses

January 8, 2022January 2, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD
Lactobacilli MRS Broth

Lactobacilli MRS Broth was developed by deMan, et al., to provide luxuriant growth of lactobacilli isolated from oral, fecal, and other specimen sources. Lactobacilli MRS Broth is an improved medium … Read more

Lysine Iron Agar Test- Principle, Media, Procedure, Results, Uses

January 8, 2022January 1, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD
Result Interpretation of Lysine Iron Agar Test

Objective of Lysine Iron Agar Test To differentiate gram-negative bacilli based on decarboxylation or deamination of lysine and the formation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Principle of Lysine Iron Agar Test Lysine iron agar … Read more

Anaerobic Blood Agar- Composition, Principle, Preparation, Results, Uses

January 8, 2022January 1, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD
Anaerobic Blood Agar

Anaerobic Blood Agar is a solid media recommended for use in qualitative procedures for primary isolation and cultivation of anaerobic organisms, including fastidious strains. This medium was formulated by V.R. … Read more

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