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Sagar Aryal, PhD

Dr. Sagar Aryal is a microbiologist, researcher, and science communicator from Nepal. He is also co-founder and Research Head of the Department of Natural Products at the Kathmandu Research Institute for Biological Sciences (KRIBS), where he leads research on natural product discovery and microbial biodiversity. Dr. Aryal earned his Ph.D. in Microbiology from Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal, in 2025, supported by a DAAD Research Grant and a University Grants Commission (UGC) Nepal Ph.D. Fellowship. His research interests include Actinomycetes, Myxobacteria, microbial taxonomy, and natural products, particularly the discovery of bioactive compounds with potential pharmaceutical applications. He isolated and identified Nocardia nepalensis, a novel bacterial species from Nepal, contributing to understanding microbial diversity in the region. Dr. Aryal has published more than 16 research articles in international journals and contributed three book chapters to established academic publications. He has presented scientific research findings and developed international research collaborations through visits to more than 18 countries across Asia, Europe, North America, and Oceania. From 2023 to 2025, he served as the American Society for Microbiology (ASM) Young Ambassador to Nepal. Since December 2025, he has served as an Editorial Board Member of Scientific Reports, a Nature Portfolio journal. In recognition of his scientific contributions, Dr. Aryal received the NAST Science and Technology Youth Award 2025 from the Nepal Academy of Science and Technology. He previously received the Frs. Locke and Stiller Research Award (LSRA) for the 2017-2018 cycle from St. Xavier's College, Kathmandu, and a Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST) Research Grant for 2017-2018. Alongside his scientific career, Dr. Aryal has more than 15 years of experience in blogging, content writing, and search engine optimization (SEO).

Plate Count Agar (PCA)- Composition, Principle, Preparation, Results, Uses

January 8, 2022January 3, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD
Plate Count Agar

Plate count agar (PCA) is a bacteriological substrate used for the determination of the total number of live, aerobic bacteria in a sample. It is not a selective medium.  The … Read more

MUG Test- Objective, Principle, Procedure, Result, Limitations

March 3, 2023January 3, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD
4-Methylumbelliferyl-β-D-Glucuronide (MUG) Test

Objective of MUG Test To identify various genera of Enterobacteriaceae and verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli. Principle of MUG Test MUG is an acronym for 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-glucuronide, a fluorogenic substrate of β-glucuronidase. β-D-Glucuronidase is … Read more

Bile Esculin Agar- Composition, Principle, Preparation, Results, Uses

May 4, 2022January 3, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD
Result Interpretation on Bile Esculin Agar

Esculin hydrolysis was first described by Rochaix in 1924. Swan first introduced the use of Bile Esculin Agar in 1954. Bile Esculin Agar (BEA) is a selective differential agar used to isolate and … Read more

Heart Infusion Agar- Composition, Principle, Preparation, Results, Uses

January 8, 2022January 2, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD
Heart Infusion Agar

Fastidious organisms having exacting nutritional requirement can be cultivated on infusion media. Meat infusions were included in the first media used for the cultivation of bacteria. Huntoon prepared a medium … Read more

Cystine Glucose Blood Agar- Composition, Principle, Preparation, Results, Uses

January 8, 2022January 2, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD
Francisella tularensis on Cystine Glucose Blood Agar

Cystine Glucose Blood Agar is known as Cystine Heart Agar. Francis developed blood-dextrose-cystine agar after determining F. tularensis would only grow on an artificial medium supplemented with sulfhydryl compounds (i.e., … Read more

New York City Agar- Composition, Principle, Preparation, Results, Uses

January 8, 2022January 2, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD
New York City Agar

NYC Agar Base medium was originally developed by Fauer, Weisburd, and Wilson at the New York City Department of Health for selective isolation of pathogenic Neisseria species from clinical specimens. … Read more

Deoxycholate Citrate Agar (DCA)- Composition, Principle, Preparation, Results, Uses

January 8, 2022January 2, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD
Deoxycholate Citrate Agar (DCA)

Deoxycholate Citrate Agar is a modification of Leifson formula and is recommended for the isolation of Salmonella and Shigella spp. This medium is similar to deoxycholate agar in comparison but … Read more

Sorbitol MacConkey Agar- Composition, Principle, Preparation, Results, Uses

January 8, 2022January 2, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD
Sorbitol MacConkey Agar

MacConkey Sorbitol Agar is based on the formulation described by Rappaport and Henigh. It is selective and differential media for the detection of sorbitol-nonfermenting Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 associated with … Read more

PDA- Composition, Principle, Preparation, Results, Uses

May 13, 2022January 2, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD
Potato Dextrose Agar

What is a Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA)? Potato dextrose agar (PDA) is common microbiological basal growth media made from potato infusion, and dextrose is used for the growth of the fungi. Potato Dextrose Agar is recommended … Read more

Cary Blair Transport Medium- Composition, Principle, Preparation, Results, Uses

April 21, 2022January 2, 2022 by Sagar Aryal, PhD
Cary Blair Transport Medium

Cary-Blair Transport Medium is a simple, semi-solid, non-nutritive medium used for the collection and preservation of microbiological specimens. The minimal nutrients in the medium facilitate the survival of organisms without … Read more

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