Rashal Shakya 
The genome of all somatic cells (except B-lymphocytes) in an organism is the same; however, cells have varied functions and differ from one another. How do these differences take place? … Read more
Cells are innately designed to suppress uncontrollable cell proliferation, i.e., cancer. They have intricate tumor suppression mechanisms known as tumor suppressor genes to prevent such abnormalities. When these mechanisms are … Read more
Human beings share about 99% of DNA with other people, 98.5% with chimpanzees, 85% with mice, and a surprising 60% with bananas. But what is the portion that varies in … Read more
Aging, or senescence, is the gradual deterioration of the cellular and physiological functions of the body necessary for survival and fertility over time. The process is a culmination of the … Read more
DNA in plants is segregated into three compartments: the nucleus, the chloroplasts, and the mitochondria. Each of these three carries its own genome and expresses traits based on its function. … Read more
Every day we get exposed to a myriad of different chemicals, organisms, or other agents, be it in food, water, air, cosmetics, paints, and other environments. A few of these … Read more
The eukaryotic genome refers to the entire genetic material in eukaryotes, ranging from single-celled fungi to complex multicellular organisms. Eukaryotes have a wide range of DNA inside the nucleus, mitochondria, … Read more
The prokaryotic genome refers to the entire genetic material in prokaryotes, like bacteria, archaea, and cyanobacteria. These primitive life forms have a single circular DNA molecule, dispersed in the cytoplasm. … Read more
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is one of the major sources of fiber for textile and seed oil companies worldwide. Unfortunately, it is also a victim of insect pests, resulting in significant … Read more
All organisms on Earth are accustomed to a rhythmic 24-hour biological cycle in metabolism and behavior to adapt to the day-and-night cycle. These day-and-night fluctuations are controlled by a complex … Read more
