Prashant Dahal 
OF test is the test to differentiate bacteria into two groups, oxidative bacteria and fermentative bacteria to biochemically characterize and identify them. Carbohydrates, simply called sugars, are the polyhydroxy aldehydes … Read more
Novobiocin is a member of the aminocoumarin antibiotic class produced by Streptomyces niveus Actinobacteria which inhibit the bacterial DNA synthesis process. Novobiocin binds with the GyrB subunit of the DNA … Read more
Pseudomonas is a genus of aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, Gram-negative Gammaproteobacteria in the family Pseudomonadaceae of the phylum Pseudomonadota. It includes 191 well-characterized species occupying a wide range … Read more
Actinobacteria are Gram-positive, aerobic or facultative, spore-forming bacteria belonging to the order Actinomycetales, characterized by high guanine and cytosine (G + C) content (>55 mol %) in DNAs and rod-shape … Read more
Abstract Urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection of the urinary system. Bacterial UTI is the most prevalent bacterial infection, resulting in more than 400 million cases yearly. There is … Read more
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) development in pathogenic microorganisms is a major public health issue, which is likely to result in aggravated illness, higher mortality, and escalated treatment costs with limited treatment … Read more
Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is a group of A. baumannii which have developed resistance against the carbapenems. Acinetobacter is a genus of aerobic, glucose non-fermentative, rod-shaped (more precisely, cocco-bacilli), Gram-negative … Read more
ESKAPE Pathogens are a group of multi-drug resistant pathogenic bacteria, mostly responsible for nosocomial (hospital-acquired) infections. ESKAPE is a group of 6 highly pathogenic bacteria associated with severe nosocomial infections. … Read more
Modified Hodge Test (MHT) is a phenotypic method for detecting carbapenemase production by isolated pathogens in clinical laboratories. It is a reliable method to confirm that the carbapenem resistance in … Read more
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a temperature-dependent nucleic acid amplification technique used to amplify the DNA or RNA in vitro enzymatically. Developed by Kary Mullis and his associates at mid … Read more
