Online Microbiology and Biology Notes
Nitroprusside Test Definition Nitroprusside test is a biochemical test used for the detection of the free –SH groups in amino acids or the cysteine amino acid in a protein. The test is a specific test for cysteine as it is the only amino acid with a free –SH group in the structure. The test, however, is not specific to proteins …
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Millon’s Test Definition Millon’s test is an analytical test used for the detection of the amino acid tyrosine, which is the only amino acid containing the phenol group. Millon’s test is a specific test for tyrosine, but it is not a specific test for protein as it also detects the phenolic group present in other compounds as well. Therefore, while …
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Lead Sulfide Test Definition Lead sulfide test (or Lead acetate test) is a biochemical test for the detection of amino acids like cysteine and cystine. The test is a specific test for the detection of amino acids containing sulfur, S-S group in cysteine, and S-H group in cystine. The test is also called a lead acetate test as the reagent …
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Isatin Test Definition Isatin test is a biochemical test for the detection of amino acids like proline and hydroxyproline. The test is a specific test for specific amino acids that produces a colored addition product (also called adduct) with the Isatin reagent. The detection of imino acid proline for a long time had been unsatisfactory as methods like the ninhydrin …
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Hopkin’s Cole Test Definition Hopkin’s Cole test is a specific test used for the detection of indole ring and thus, tryptophan in proteins. The test is also termed as ‘glyoxylic acid test’ as the reagent contains glyoxylic acid. The test was discovered by Frederick Gowland Hopkins and Sydney W. Cole in 1901 as a part of their work on the …
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Heller’s Test Definition Heller’s test is a biochemical test performed to detect proteins in a sample by the denaturation of those proteins by the addition of strong acids. Heller’s test usually uses concentrated nitric acid for the denaturation of proteins. The test is performed for clinical purposes to detect abnormal proteins in biological fluids, including urine. Heller’s test is a …
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Heat coagulation test of proteins definition Heat coagulation test of protein is a biochemical test performed to determine the presence of proteins like albumin and globulin in protein. Coagulation of proteins as a response to heat is a common phenomenon. The heat coagulation of proteins occurs in one of the two stages; denaturation and agglutination or the separation of the …
Esbach test definition Esbach test is one of the oldest biochemical tests used to detect urinary protein like albumin when the urine is combined with citric and picric acid. Esbach test, even though not discussed much through the history, is useful for both qualitative and quantitative determination of albumin in the urine sample. The test was discovered by Georges Hubert …
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Ehrlich Test Definition Ehrlich Test is a biochemical test used for the detection of amino acid, tryptophan, in a protein sample. Ehrlich test is also termed the p-dimethylamino benzaldehyde test, named after the Ehrlich reagent. The test is named after the Nobel Prize winner Paul Ehrlich, who identified this test during the distinction of typhoid from simple diarrhea. It is …
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Breast Definition Breasts or mammary glands are a pair of structures present in the thoracic region of primates. These glands are present in both the male and female primates, but in males, these structures remain rudimentary. Breasts are the accessory glands of the female reproductive system responsible for the lactation of a newly born child, among other functions. In humans, …
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