Biology is a vast discipline that deals with the study of living beings and their vital processes, that deal with the physicochemical aspects of life.
Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment Definition Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment states that ‘when the parents differ from each other in two or more pairs of contrasting characters, the inheritance of one pair of characters is independent of the other.’ In … Read more
Mendel’s Law of Segregation Definition Mendel’s Law of Segregation states that ‘The hybrids or heterozygotes of F1 generation have two contrasting characters of dominant and recessive nature where the alleles though remain together for a long time do not contaminate … Read more
In the 1860s, an Austrian monk named Gregor Mendel introduced a new theory of inheritance based on his experimental work with pea plants. Mendel believed that heredity is the result of discrete units of inheritance, and every single unit (or gene) … Read more
Punnett Square Definition The Punnett square is a table or checkboard grid that is used to determine all possible genotypes from a particular cross. Punnett square is a simple square divided into four quadrants which consist of all the possible … Read more
Dihybrid Cross Definition A dihybrid cross is a type of genetic cross between two individuals with either homozygous or heterozygous genotypes of two characters or traits. The dihybrid cross is different from the monohybrid cross, which only involves a single … Read more
Monohybrid Cross Definition A Monohybrid cross is a type of genetic cross between two individuals with homozygous genotypes of a single character or trait, often resulting in an opposite phenotype. Monohybrid crosses are usually performed to determine the genotypes of … Read more
Osmosis Definition Osmosis is a biophysical process occurring commonly in biological systems where solvent molecules move across a semi-permeable membrane towards a region of high solute concentration. Figure: Osmosis. Image Source: Open Stax (Rice University) and Biology Online. It is … Read more
Heterotrophs Definition Heterotrophs are organisms that do not produce their food and depend on other organisms for their food and energy. Heterotrophs are a group of organisms that are distinct from autotrophs that prepare their own food as well as … Read more
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Autotrophs Definition Autotrophs are organisms that are capable of producing their own food by using various inorganic components like water, sunlight, air, and other chemical substances. Autotrophs are the source of all the organic compounds found on the planet that … Read more
Pinocytosis definition Pinocytosis is a type of endocytosis in which small particles suspended in the extracellular fluid are moved into the cell through pores formed on the cell membrane. The term pinocytosis is formed of two words “pino” and cytosis” … Read more
Meiosis definition Meiosis is a type of cell division in sexually reproducing eukaryotes, resulting in four daughter cells (gametes), each of which has half the number of chromosomes as compared to the original diploid parent cell. The haploid cells become … Read more
Mitosis definition Mitosis is the process of cell division in which one cell gives rise to two genetically identical daughter cells, resulting in cell duplication and reproduction. The number of chromosomes is preserved in both the daughter cells. Mitosis is … Read more
Epithelial Tissue definition Epithelial Tissue is one of the four types of tissue (epithelial, muscular, connective, and nervous) in animals which consists of closely aggregated polyhedral cells adhering firmly to one another, forming cellular sheets that line the interior of … Read more
Image Source: Khan Academy and Wikipedia Some of the differences are as follows: Characteristics Simple Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion Definition Simple diffusion is a type of passive transport which, as the name suggests, is simply the unassisted movement of solute which … Read more
To sustain life, many substances need to be transported into, out of, and between cells. In some cases, this can be accomplished through passive transport, which uses no energy. In many cases, however, the cell needs to transport something against its concentration gradient. In … Read more
Simple diffusion definition Simple diffusion is a type of passive transport which, as the name suggests, is simply the movement of solute which occurs when its electrochemical potentials on the two sides of a permeable barrier are different. While in … Read more
Note: Each image source are given below in this post of respective subheadings. 1. Amoeba under the microscope Amoeba is a unicellular organism in the Kingdom Protozoa. It is a eukaryote and thus has membrane-bound cell organelles and protein-bound genetic … Read more
Speciation Definition Speciation is the process of formation of a new genetically independent group of organisms, called species, through the course of evolution. The process of splitting of genetically homogenous population into two or more populations that undergo genetic differentiation … Read more
Facilitated diffusion definition Facilitated diffusion is the process of biological transport in which specific structural components of biological membranes interact with particular solutes or classes of solutes, markedly increasing the rates at which they can cross the membrane. It is … Read more
Transduction Definition Transduction is the transfer of bacterial DNA from a donor to a recipient bacterium via a virus particle. The virus particle that infects bacteria is called a bacteriophage or phage, and the phages used for the transfer of … Read more