{"id":848,"date":"2022-01-09T11:28:00","date_gmt":"2022-01-09T05:43:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/?p=848"},"modified":"2022-01-10T16:19:18","modified_gmt":"2022-01-10T10:34:18","slug":"differences-between-gram-positive-and-gram-negative-bacteria","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/differences-between-gram-positive-and-gram-negative-bacteria\/","title":{"rendered":"Gram-Positive vs Gram-Negative Bacteria- 31 Differences with Examples"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Differences-Between-Gram-Positive-and-Gram-Negative-Bacteria.jpg\" alt=\"Differences Between\u00a0Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria\" class=\"wp-image-850\" srcset=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Differences-Between-Gram-Positive-and-Gram-Negative-Bacteria.jpg 800w, https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Differences-Between-Gram-Positive-and-Gram-Negative-Bacteria-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Differences-Between-Gram-Positive-and-Gram-Negative-Bacteria-768x403.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_65 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #0a0a0a;color:#0a0a0a\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #0a0a0a;color:#0a0a0a\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/differences-between-gram-positive-and-gram-negative-bacteria\/#gram-positive-vs-gram-negative-bacteria-31-major-differences\" title=\"Gram Positive vs Gram Negative Bacteria (31 Major Differences)\">Gram Positive vs Gram Negative Bacteria (31 Major Differences)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/differences-between-gram-positive-and-gram-negative-bacteria\/#examples-of-gram-positive-cocci-bacteria\" title=\"Examples of Gram-positive cocci bacteria\">Examples of Gram-positive cocci bacteria<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/differences-between-gram-positive-and-gram-negative-bacteria\/#examples-of-gram-positive-bacilli-bacteria\" title=\"Examples of Gram-positive bacilli bacteria\">Examples of Gram-positive bacilli bacteria<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/differences-between-gram-positive-and-gram-negative-bacteria\/#examples-of-gram-negative-cocci-bacteria\" title=\"Examples of Gram-negative cocci bacteria\">Examples of Gram-negative cocci bacteria<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/differences-between-gram-positive-and-gram-negative-bacteria\/#examples-of-gram-negative-bacilli-bacteria\" title=\"Examples of Gram-negative bacilli bacteria\">Examples of Gram-negative bacilli bacteria<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/differences-between-gram-positive-and-gram-negative-bacteria\/#examples-of-gram-negative-bacilli-and-coccobacilli-bacteria\" title=\"Examples of Gram-negative bacilli and coccobacilli bacteria\">Examples of Gram-negative bacilli and coccobacilli bacteria<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/differences-between-gram-positive-and-gram-negative-bacteria\/#references\" title=\"References\">References<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"gram-positive-vs-gram-negative-bacteria-31-major-differences\"><\/span>Gram Positive vs Gram Negative Bacteria (31 Major Differences)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>S.N.<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Character<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Gram-Positive Bacteria<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Gram-Negative Bacteria<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1.<\/td><td><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/gram-stain-principle-reagents-procedure-and-result-interpretation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Gram Reaction<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/td><td>Retain crystal violet dye and stain blue or purple on Gram&#8217;s staining.<\/td><td>Accept safranin after decolorization and stain pink or red on Gram&#8217;s staining.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2.<\/td><td>Cell wall thickness<\/td><td>Thick (20-80 nm)<\/td><td>Thin (8-10 nm)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3.<\/td><td>Peptidoglycan Layer<\/td><td>Thick (multilayered)<\/td><td>Thin (single-layered)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4.<\/td><td>Rigidity and Elasticity<\/td><td>Rigid and less elastic<\/td><td>Less rigid and more elastic<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5.<\/td><td>Outer Membrane<\/td><td>Absent<\/td><td>Present<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6.<\/td><td>Variety of amino acid in cell wall<\/td><td>Few<\/td><td>Several<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>7.<\/td><td>Aromatic and Sulfur-containing amino acid in cell wall<\/td><td>Absent<\/td><td>Present<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>8.<\/td><td>Periplasmic Space<\/td><td>Absent<\/td><td>Present<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>9.<\/td><td>Teichoic Acids<\/td><td>Mostly present<\/td><td>Absent<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>10.<\/td><td>Porins<\/td><td>Absent<\/td><td>Present<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>11.<\/td><td>Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Content<\/td><td>Virtually None<\/td><td>High<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>12.<\/td><td>Lipid and Lipoprotein Content<\/td><td>Low (acid-fast bacteria have lipids linked to peptidoglycan)<\/td><td>High (because of the presence of outer membrane<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>13.<\/td><td>Ratio of RNA:DNA<\/td><td>8:1<\/td><td>Almost 1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>14.<\/td><td><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Mesosomes<\/span><\/td><td>Quite Prominent<\/td><td>Less Prominent<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>15.<\/td><td>Flagellar Structure<\/td><td>2 rings in basal body<\/td><td>4 rings in basal body<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>16.<\/td><td>Magnetosomes<\/td><td><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Usually absent.<\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Sometimes present.<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>17.<\/td><td><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Morphology<\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Usually cocci or spore-forming rods (exception: <em>Lactobacillus<\/em> and <em>Corynebacterium<\/em>)<\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Usually non-spore-forming rods (Exception: <em>Neisseria<\/em>)<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>18.<\/td><td><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/microbiologyinfo.com\/endospore-staining-principle-reagents-procedure-and-result\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Endospore<\/a> formation<\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Some produce endospores during unfavorable conditions.<\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Usually not found to produce endospores.<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>19.<\/td><td><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Toxin Produced<\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Exotoxins<\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Endotoxins or Exotoxins<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>20.<\/td><td><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Pathogens<\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Few pathogenic bacteria belong to the Gram-positive group.<\/span><\/td><td><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Most pathogens are Gram-negative.<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>21.<\/td><td>Nutritional Requirements<\/td><td>Relatively Complex<\/td><td>Relatively Simple<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>22.<\/td><td>Resistance to Physical Disruption<\/td><td>High<\/td><td>Low<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>23.<\/td><td>Cell Wall Disruption by Lysozyme<\/td><td>High<\/td><td>Low (requires pretreatment to destabilize outer membrane)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>24.<\/td><td>Susceptibility to Penicillin and Sulfonamide<\/td><td>High<\/td><td>Low<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>25.<\/td><td>Susceptibility to Streptomycin, Chloramphenicol, and Tetracycline<\/td><td>Low<\/td><td>High<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>26.<\/td><td>Inhibition by Basic Dyes<\/td><td>High<\/td><td>Low<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>27.<\/td><td>Susceptibility to Anionic Detergents<\/td><td>High<\/td><td>Low<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>28.<\/td><td>Resistance to Sodium Azide<\/td><td>High<\/td><td>Low<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>29.<\/td><td>Resistance to Drying<\/td><td>High<\/td><td>Low<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>30.<\/td><td>Rendering<\/td><td>They can render Gram -ve by increasing acidity<\/td><td>They can render Gram +ve by increasing alkalinity<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>31.<\/td><td>Examples<\/td><td><em>Staphylococcus<br>Streptococcus<br>Bacillus<br>Clostridium<br>Enterococcus<\/em><br><em>Listeria<\/em><\/td><td><em>Escherichia<br>Salmonella<br>Klebsiella<br>Proteus<br>Helicobacter<br>Pseudomonas<\/em><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"examples-of-gram-positive-cocci-bacteria\"><\/span><strong>Examples of Gram-positive cocci bacteria<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>Aerococcus<\/em> species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>E<em>nterococcus faecalis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Enterococcus faecium<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Gemella<\/em> species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Lactococcus<\/em> species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Leuconostoc<\/em> species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Pediococcus<\/em> species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Peptococcus niger<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Peptostreptococcus<\/em> species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Peptoniphilus<\/em> species<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>Staphylococcus aureus<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Staphylococcus intermedius<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Staphylococcus lugdunensis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Staphylococcus saprophyticus<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Streptococcus agalactiae<\/em> (Group B)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Streptococcus canis <\/em>(Group G)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Streptococcus gallolyticus<\/em> (Group D, formerly S. bovis)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S<em>treptococcus infantarius <\/em>(Group D, formerly S. bovis)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>Streptococcus pyogenes<\/em> (Group A)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Streptococcus anginosus<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Streptococcus constellatus<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Streptococcus intermedius<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Streptococcus mitis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Streptococcus mutans<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Streptococcus salivarius<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Streptococcus sanguis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Abiotrophia<\/em> species (nutritionally variant streptococci)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>G<em>ranulicatella<\/em> species (nutritionally variant streptococci)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"examples-of-gram-positive-bacilli-bacteria\"><\/span><strong>Examples of Gram-positive bacilli bacteria<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>Actinomyces israelii<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Arcanobacterium<\/em> species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Bacillus anthracis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Bacillus cereus<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Bifidobacterium<\/em> species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Clostridium botulinum<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Clostridium difficile<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Clostridium perfringens<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Clostridium tetani<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Corynebacterium diphtheriae<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Corynebacterium jeikeium<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Corynebacterium urealyticum<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>Eggerthella<\/em> species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Eubacterium<\/em> species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Gardnerella vaginalis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Gordonia<\/em> species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Lactobacillus<\/em> species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Listeria monocytogenes<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Mycobacterium abscessus<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Mycobacterium avium<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Mycobacterium bovis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Mycobacterium chelonae<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Mycobacterium fortuitum<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>Mycobacterium intracellulare<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Mycobacterium kansasii<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Mycobacterium leprae<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Mycobacterium marinum<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Nocardia asteroides<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Propionibacterium acnes<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Rhodococcus equi<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Tropheryma whippeli<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T<em>sukamurella<\/em> species<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"examples-of-gram-negative-cocci-bacteria\"><\/span><strong>Examples of Gram-negative cocci bacteria<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>Moraxella catarrhalis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>Neisseria meningitidis<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>Veillonella parvula<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"examples-of-gram-negative-bacilli-bacteria\"><\/span><strong><strong>Examples<\/strong> of Gram-negative bacilli bacteria<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-4 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>Acinetobacter <\/em>species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Aeromonas caviae<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Aeromonas hydrophila<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Alcaligenes <\/em>species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Bacteroides ovatus<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Bacteroides distasonis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Bacteroides thetaiotamicron<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Bacteroides vulgatus<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Brevundimonas <\/em>species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Burkholderia cepacia<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Burkholderia mallei<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Burkholderia pseudomallei<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Chryseobacterium <\/em>species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Citrobacter freundii<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Citrobacter koseri<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Comamonas <\/em>species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Cronobacter sakazakii<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Edwardsiella tarda<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Eikenella corrodens<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Enterobacter aerogenes<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Enterobacter cloacae<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>Escherichia coli<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Fusobacterium necrophorum<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Fusobacterium nucleatum<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Klebsiella granulomatis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Klebsiella oxytoca<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Klebsiella pneumoniae subspecies rhinocscleromatis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Mobiluncus <\/em>species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Moraxella <\/em>species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Morganella morganii<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Pasteurella multocida<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Plesiomonas shigelloides<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Porphyromonas <\/em>species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Prevotella melaninogenica<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Proteus mirabilis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Proteus vulgaris<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Providencia alcalifaciens<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Providencia rettgeri<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Providencia stuartti<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Pseudomonas fluorescens<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Pseudomonas<\/em> species<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>Ralstonia pickettii<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Roseomonas<\/em> species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Salmonella <\/em>Choleraesuis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Salmonella <\/em>Paratyphi A<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Salmonella <\/em>Paratyphi B<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Salmonella <\/em>Typhi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Serratia liquefaciens<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Serratia marcescens<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Shewanella putrefaciens<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Shigella boydii<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Shigella dysenteriae<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Shigella flexneri<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Shigella sonnei<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Sphingobacterium <\/em>species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Sphingomonas <\/em>species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Vibrio cholerae<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Vibrio vulnificus<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Yersinia enterocolitica<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Yersinia pestis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Yersinia pseudotuberculosis<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"examples-of-gram-negative-bacilli-and-coccobacilli-bacteria\"><\/span><strong>Examples of Gram-negative bacilli and coccobacilli bacteria<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-5 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Aggregatibacter (Haemophilus) aphrophilus<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Arcobacter <\/em>species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Bartonella bacilliformis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Bartonella henselae<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Bordetella bronchiseptica<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Bordetella parapertussis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Bordetella pertussis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Brucella melitensis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Campylobacter fetus<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>Campylobacter jejuni<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Capnocytophaga<\/em> species<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Cardiobacterium hominis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Chlamydophila pneumoniae<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Chlamydophila psittaci<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Ehrlichia chaffeensis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Francisella tularensis<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Haemophilus aegyptius<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Haemophilus ducreyi<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>Haemophilus influenzae<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Haemophilus parainfluenzae<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Helicobacter pylori<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Kingella kingae<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Legionella micdadei<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Legionella pneumophila<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Orientia tsutsugamushi<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Streptobacillus moniliformis<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"references\"><\/span><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" id=\"mce_1_start\" data-mce-style=\"overflow:hidden;line-height:0px\" style=\"overflow:hidden;line-height:0px\"><\/span><strong>References<\/strong><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" id=\"mce_1_end\" data-mce-style=\"overflow:hidden;line-height:0px\" style=\"overflow:hidden;line-height:0px\"><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Carroll K.C., &amp; Hobden J.A., &amp; Miller S, &amp; Morse S.A., &amp; Mietzner T.A., &amp; Detrick B, &amp; Mitchell T.G., &amp; McKerrow J.H., &amp; Sakanari J.A.(Eds.),&nbsp;(2019).&nbsp;<em><em>Jawetz, Melnick, &amp; Adelberg\u2019s Medical Microbiology, 27e<\/em><\/em>. McGraw Hill.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Gram Positive vs Gram Negative Bacteria (31 Major Differences) S.N. Character Gram-Positive Bacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria 1. Gram Reaction Retain crystal violet dye and stain blue or purple on Gram&#8217;s &#8230; <a title=\"Gram-Positive vs Gram-Negative Bacteria- 31 Differences with Examples\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/differences-between-gram-positive-and-gram-negative-bacteria\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Gram-Positive vs Gram-Negative Bacteria- 31 Differences with Examples\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":850,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1025,1572],"tags":[1577,1584,1582,1583,1581,1578,1579,1580,483],"custom":{"td_video":"","featured_image":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Differences-Between-Gram-Positive-and-Gram-Negative-Bacteria.jpg","author":{"name":"Sagar Aryal","avatar":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/862472ea06500d4318f1ad82addb608e?s=96&d=mm&r=g"},"categories":[{"term_id":1025,"name":"Difference Between","slug":"difference-between","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1025,"taxonomy":"category","description":"Difference Between Notes. Notes on Difference Between. Online Difference Between related notes. Difference Between Notes for undergraduate and graduate students with diagrams.","parent":0,"count":89,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1025,"category_count":89,"category_description":"Difference Between Notes. Notes on Difference Between. Online Difference Between related notes. Difference Between Notes for undergraduate and graduate students with diagrams.","cat_name":"Difference Between","category_nicename":"difference-between","category_parent":0},{"term_id":1572,"name":"Basic Microbiology","slug":"basic-microbiology","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1572,"taxonomy":"category","description":"<strong>Microbiology is the branch of science that deals with microscopic organisms and their interaction with other microscopic and macroscopic organisms.<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Microorganisms are tiny microscopic organisms that are too small to be seen with naked eyes and thus, can only be seen with a microscope. Microorganisms include microscopic organisms like bacteria, fungi, archaea, protozoa, and viruses.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Basic microscopy deals with a diverse group of studies that help in research related to the biochemistry, physiology, cell biology, ecology, evolution, and clinical aspects of microorganisms, including the host response to these agents.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Microbiology also deals with the structure, function, classification of such organisms, along with exploiting and controlling their activities.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The concept of microbiology began with the discovery of the microscope by Anton Von Leeuwenhoek.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>On the one hand, microbes are used for their unique features which allow the production of antibiotics, amino acids, hormones, and other therapeutic compounds, and also the production of food and food-related products.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Microorganisms are also involved in the decomposition of components such as lignocellulosic biomass for second-generation ethanol or biogas.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Similarly, certain genetic features and biochemical abilities of microorganisms make them dangerous for industry (food spoilage) as well as human health.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Microbiology, initially, was only associated with pathogenic microorganisms that result in different forms of diseases in different groups of living beings.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>With the establishment of microbiology as a discipline, the application of microorganisms in different areas has also increased.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The use of microorganisms in food and pharmaceuticals has given rise to the branching of microbiology into further disciplines and studies.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Thus, over the years, the branch has been classified into further groups like agriculture microbiology, food microbiology, pharmaceutical microbiology, systemic microbiology, etc.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The studies in microbiology have also increased due to the use of microorganisms in different researches as these are easy to manipulate and reproduce when compared to other living organisms.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Studies in microbiology are essential for the discovery of new and advanced methods for the discovery of emerging microorganisms and associated diseases and applications.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Microbiology also deals with techniques for the identification of these microorganisms, their classification, and the life cycle.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>All of this allows for a better understanding of microorganisms and their role in maintaining the ecosystem.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Microbiology and microorganisms can be applied for the formation of new genetically engineered microorganisms by a process like genetic recombination.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Besides, different microorganisms have found their application in the production of food, industrial products, and antibiotics.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","parent":0,"count":60,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1572,"category_count":60,"category_description":"<strong>Microbiology is the branch of science that deals with microscopic organisms and their interaction with other microscopic and macroscopic organisms.<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Microorganisms are tiny microscopic organisms that are too small to be seen with naked eyes and thus, can only be seen with a microscope. Microorganisms include microscopic organisms like bacteria, fungi, archaea, protozoa, and viruses.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Basic microscopy deals with a diverse group of studies that help in research related to the biochemistry, physiology, cell biology, ecology, evolution, and clinical aspects of microorganisms, including the host response to these agents.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Microbiology also deals with the structure, function, classification of such organisms, along with exploiting and controlling their activities.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The concept of microbiology began with the discovery of the microscope by Anton Von Leeuwenhoek.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>On the one hand, microbes are used for their unique features which allow the production of antibiotics, amino acids, hormones, and other therapeutic compounds, and also the production of food and food-related products.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Microorganisms are also involved in the decomposition of components such as lignocellulosic biomass for second-generation ethanol or biogas.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Similarly, certain genetic features and biochemical abilities of microorganisms make them dangerous for industry (food spoilage) as well as human health.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Microbiology, initially, was only associated with pathogenic microorganisms that result in different forms of diseases in different groups of living beings.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>With the establishment of microbiology as a discipline, the application of microorganisms in different areas has also increased.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The use of microorganisms in food and pharmaceuticals has given rise to the branching of microbiology into further disciplines and studies.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Thus, over the years, the branch has been classified into further groups like agriculture microbiology, food microbiology, pharmaceutical microbiology, systemic microbiology, etc.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The studies in microbiology have also increased due to the use of microorganisms in different researches as these are easy to manipulate and reproduce when compared to other living organisms.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Studies in microbiology are essential for the discovery of new and advanced methods for the discovery of emerging microorganisms and associated diseases and applications.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Microbiology also deals with techniques for the identification of these microorganisms, their classification, and the life cycle.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>All of this allows for a better understanding of microorganisms and their role in maintaining the ecosystem.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Microbiology and microorganisms can be applied for the formation of new genetically engineered microorganisms by a process like genetic recombination.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Besides, different microorganisms have found their application in the production of food, industrial products, and antibiotics.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","cat_name":"Basic Microbiology","category_nicename":"basic-microbiology","category_parent":0}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/848"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=848"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/848\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/850"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=848"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=848"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=848"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}