{"id":43695,"date":"2024-03-16T02:37:33","date_gmt":"2024-03-15T20:52:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/?p=43695"},"modified":"2024-05-05T02:49:59","modified_gmt":"2024-05-04T21:04:59","slug":"solanaceae-family-night-shade-potato","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/solanaceae-family-night-shade-potato\/","title":{"rendered":"Solanaceae Family (Night Shade or Potato Family)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul>\n<li>Solanaceae commonly known as Night shade or potato family of flowering plants.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This family is called nightshade family because many of its plants contains toxic alkaloids, and some species grow in shady area and bloom at night.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It contains more than 102 genera and 2280 species.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Out of which about 51 species of 16 genera are reported from Nepal.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Economically, this family comprises of several plants of food value, medicinal, vegetables and ornamentals.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1205\" height=\"631\" src=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Solanaceae-Family-Night-Shade-or-Potato-Family.jpeg\" alt=\"Solanaceae Family (Night Shade or Potato Family)\" class=\"wp-image-43702\" srcset=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Solanaceae-Family-Night-Shade-or-Potato-Family.jpeg 1205w, https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Solanaceae-Family-Night-Shade-or-Potato-Family-300x157.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Solanaceae-Family-Night-Shade-or-Potato-Family-1024x536.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Solanaceae-Family-Night-Shade-or-Potato-Family-768x402.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1205px) 100vw, 1205px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_65 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #0a0a0a;color:#0a0a0a\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #0a0a0a;color:#0a0a0a\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/solanaceae-family-night-shade-potato\/#systematic-position-of-solanaceae-family\" title=\"Systematic Position of Solanaceae Family\">Systematic Position of Solanaceae Family<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/solanaceae-family-night-shade-potato\/#distribution-of-solanaceae-family\" title=\"Distribution of Solanaceae Family\">Distribution of Solanaceae Family<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/solanaceae-family-night-shade-potato\/#habit-and-habitat-of-solanaceae-family\" title=\"Habit and Habitat of Solanaceae Family\">Habit and Habitat of Solanaceae Family<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/solanaceae-family-night-shade-potato\/#vegetative-characters-of-the-solanaceae-family\" title=\"Vegetative characters of the Solanaceae Family\">Vegetative characters of the Solanaceae Family<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/solanaceae-family-night-shade-potato\/#floral-characters-of-the-solanaceae-family\" title=\"Floral characters of the Solanaceae Family\">Floral characters of the Solanaceae Family<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/solanaceae-family-night-shade-potato\/#floral-formula-of-solanaceae-family\" title=\"Floral Formula of Solanaceae Family\">Floral Formula of Solanaceae Family<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/solanaceae-family-night-shade-potato\/#floral-diagram-of-solanaceae-family\" title=\"Floral Diagram of Solanaceae Family\">Floral Diagram of Solanaceae Family<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/solanaceae-family-night-shade-potato\/#economic-importance-of-solanaceae-family\" title=\"Economic Importance of Solanaceae Family\">Economic Importance of Solanaceae Family<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/solanaceae-family-night-shade-potato\/#identifying-characteristics-of-the-solanaceae-family\" title=\"Identifying Characteristics of the Solanaceae Family\">Identifying Characteristics of the Solanaceae Family<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/solanaceae-family-night-shade-potato\/#some-common-plants-of-the-solanaceae-family\" title=\"Some common plants of the Solanaceae Family\">Some common plants of the Solanaceae Family<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/solanaceae-family-night-shade-potato\/#references\" title=\"References\">References<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"systematic-position-of-solanaceae-family\"><\/span><strong>Systematic Position of Solanaceae Family<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>Kingdom<\/td><td>Plantae&nbsp;(Plants)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Subkingdom<\/td><td>Tracheobionta&nbsp;(Vascular plants)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Superdivision<\/td><td>Spermatophyta&nbsp;(Seed plants)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Division<\/td><td>Magnoliophyta&nbsp;(Flowering plants)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Class<\/td><td>Magnoliopsida&nbsp;(Dicotyledons)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Subclass<\/td><td>Asteridae<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Order<\/td><td>Solanales<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Family<\/td><td>Solanaceae<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"distribution-of-solanaceae-family\"><\/span><strong>Distribution of Solanaceae Family<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>The members of the Solanaceae family are found throughout the world. However, most of the plants are abundant and widely distributed from tropical to temperate regions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mostly, the plants are mesophytes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Certain plants are grown for edible purposes and other various uses.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The largest genus of this family is <em>Solanum <\/em>which includes about 1700 species.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Solanum xanthocarpum <\/em>shows xerophytic characters.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"habit-and-habitat-of-solanaceae-family\"><\/span><strong>Habit and Habitat of Solanaceae Family<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>The Solanaceae family exhibits diverse habits including annual or perennial herbs, shrubs, and climbers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The plants belonging to this family can be found in various habitats including tropical rainforests, temperate woodlands, grasslands and desert regions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Terrestrial, mesophyte, wild or cultivated<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"vegetative-characters-of-the-solanaceae-family\"><\/span><strong>Vegetative characters of the Solanaceae Family<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/monocot-and-dicot-roots\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"41362\">Root<\/a>: <\/strong>The root system consists of a main tap root along with additional lateral branches.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Stem<\/strong><strong>: <\/strong>Erect, herbaceous,solid or fistular, cylindrical, branched, glabrous or slightly hairy, stem modified into tuber (<em>Solanum<\/em> <em>tuberosum<\/em>), <em>Solanum<\/em> <em>xanthocarpum<\/em> has spiny stem.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Leaf: <\/strong>Cauline and ramal, alternate, petriolate or sub-sessile or sessile, exstipulate, reticulate, unicostate venation, mostly simple, hairy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"floral-characters-of-the-solanaceae-family\"><\/span><strong>Floral characters of the Solanaceae Family<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Inflorescence<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> Cymose type, solitary terminal (<em>Datura<\/em>) or solitary auxiliary (<em>Petunia<\/em>), panicle or a typically axillary cyme or extra axillary cyme<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/monocot-and-dicot-flower\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"41364\">Flower<\/a><\/strong>: Bisexual, complete, ebracteate, actinomorphic, cyclic<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Calyx<\/strong>: Sepals five, gamosepalous, imbricate or valvate aestivation, inferior, five-lobed or toothed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Corolla<\/strong>: Petals five, gamopetalous, twisted or valvate aestivation, inferior&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Androecium<\/strong>: Stamens five, polyandrous, epipetalous, alternate to petals, anther dithecous, basifixed, introrse, inferior<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gynoecium<\/strong>: Carpels two i.e. bicarpellary, syncarpous, bilocular, axile placentation, ovary superior and obliquely placed, single style, stigma bilobed or capitate<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fruits<\/strong>: Capsule (<em>Datura<\/em>) or many seeded berry (tomato)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pollination<\/strong>: Cross, entomophilous<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Seed<\/strong>: Albuminous or endospermic embryo is curved or straight, two cotyledons<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"floral-formula-of-solanaceae-family\"><\/span><strong>Floral Formula of Solanaceae Family<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"285\" src=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Floral-Formula-of-Solanaceae-Family.jpeg\" alt=\"Floral Formula of Solanaceae Family\" class=\"wp-image-43700\" srcset=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Floral-Formula-of-Solanaceae-Family.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Floral-Formula-of-Solanaceae-Family-300x71.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Floral-Formula-of-Solanaceae-Family-1024x243.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Floral-Formula-of-Solanaceae-Family-768x182.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Floral Formula of Solanaceae Family<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\u2295<\/td><td>Actinomorphic (radial symmetry)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u26a5<\/td><td>Bisexual<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>K<sub>(5)<\/sub><\/td><td>Calyx \u2013 5 sepals, gamosepalous (united)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>C<sub>(5)<\/sub><\/td><td>Corolla \u2013 5 petals, gamopetalous<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A<sub>5<\/sub><\/td><td>Androecium \u2013 5 stamens, polyandrous (free), epipetalous (attached to petals)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">G<\/span><sub>(2)<\/sub><\/td><td>Gynoecium \u2013 bicarpellary, syncarpous (united), superior ovary<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"floral-diagram-of-solanaceae-family\"><\/span><strong>Floral Diagram of Solanaceae Family<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"1431\" src=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Floral-Diagram-of-Solanaceae-Family.jpeg\" alt=\"Floral Diagram of Solanaceae Family\" class=\"wp-image-43701\" srcset=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Floral-Diagram-of-Solanaceae-Family.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Floral-Diagram-of-Solanaceae-Family-252x300.jpeg 252w, https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Floral-Diagram-of-Solanaceae-Family-859x1024.jpeg 859w, https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Floral-Diagram-of-Solanaceae-Family-768x916.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Floral Diagram of Solanaceae Family. Image Credit: <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Diagramme_floral_Solanum_tuberosum-tag.svg\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Diagramme_floral_Solanum_tuberosum-tag.svg\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Spedona<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"economic-importance-of-solanaceae-family\"><\/span><strong>Economic Importance of <strong>Solanaceae Family<\/strong><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Vegetables<\/strong>: The plants belonging to this family are consumed as vegetables all around the world such as tomato, potato, capsicum, eggplants, etc. Fruits of <em>Solanum melongena, Capsicum annuum, Lycopersicum esculentum<\/em>, and stem tuber of <em>Solanum tuberosum<\/em> are used as vegetables.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Medicines<\/strong>: Plants of this family have many medicinal uses that are used to treat various disorders. Dried leaves, stem and roots of <em>Atropa<\/em> <em>belladonna<\/em> yield atropine which is used to relieve pain. The dried leaves and roots of <em>Datura<\/em> <em>metel<\/em> are used in treatment of asthma.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Food<\/strong>: The member of Solanaceae family are used as food<strong>. <\/strong>Potato, Tomato, Brinjal, etc. are used as important vegetables. <em>Physalis<\/em> <em>manima<\/em> (sun berry) and <em>Physalis<\/em> <em>peruviana<\/em> (Cape gooseberry) are cultivated for their acid sweet edible berries.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Narcotic<\/strong>: The plants of this family such as <em>Nicotiana tabacum <\/em>and <em>Nicotiana rustica<\/em> produce nicotine which is used in tobacco and cigarettes. The poisonous alkaloid <em>stamonine<\/em> is obtained from <em>Datura<\/em> <em>stramonium<\/em>. The seeds and leaves are narcotic and sometimes used for criminal poisoning.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Condiments<\/strong>: The fruits of <em>Capsicum<\/em> are used as condiment.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ornamental purpose<\/strong>: They are used as ornamental plants to decorate our homes and gardens. <em>Petunica nyctaginifolia, Cestrum diurnum, Cestrum nocturnum <\/em>and<em> Cestrum elegans <\/em>are grown in gardens as ornamental plants.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Others: <\/strong>The economic values of the plants belonging to Solanaceae are limited not only above activities. They can be used to produce industrial products such as ethanol, syrup, dextrin, etc. Some of the plants like <em>Nicotiana<\/em> <em>tabacum<\/em> is used as pesticides and insecticides. Also, it can be used in paints and varnishes.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"identifying-characteristics-of-the-solanaceae-family\"><\/span><strong>Identifying Characteristics of the <strong>Solanaceae Family<\/strong><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>The plants are mostly annual herbs, rarely trees.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The leaves are simple, alternate in the vegetative parts but opposite near the inflorescence, exstipulate, reticulate.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inflorescence is cymose type \u2013 mostly axillary or extra-axillary cyme, sometimes solitary or axillary.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Flowers are ebracteate, actinomorphic, complete, bisexual, pentamerous, hypogynous.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Calyx consists of five sepals, gamosepalous, persistant and often enlarged in fruit.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Corolla consists of five petals, gamopetalous, and of various shaped twisted or valvate aestivation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Androecium consists of five stamens, polyandrous, epipetalous, alternate to petals, anthers dithecous, basifixed and introrse.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gynoecium is bicarpellary, syncarpous, bilocular with many ovules on swollen placenta, axile placentation, ovary obliquely tilted, style long, stigma bilobed or capitate.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fruit is a berry or a capsule.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Seeds is endospermic.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"some-common-plants-of-the-solanaceae-family\"><\/span><strong>Some common plants of the <strong>Solanaceae Family<\/strong><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1500\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Some-common-plants-of-the-Solanaceae-Family.jpeg\" alt=\"Some common plants of the Solanaceae Family\" class=\"wp-image-43703\" srcset=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Some-common-plants-of-the-Solanaceae-Family.jpeg 1500w, https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Some-common-plants-of-the-Solanaceae-Family-300x154.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Some-common-plants-of-the-Solanaceae-Family-1024x524.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Some-common-plants-of-the-Solanaceae-Family-768x393.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Some common plants of the Solanaceae Family<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>Red pepper <em>Capsicum annuum<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tomato <em>Lycopersicum esculentum<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Brinjal <em>Solanum melongena<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Potato<em> <\/em><em><\/em><em> <\/em><em>Solanum tuberosum<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tobacco <em>Nicotiana tabacum<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Belladonna <em>Atropa belladona&nbsp;<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Black nightshade <em>Solanum nigrum<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Stramonium <em>Datura stramonium&nbsp;<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aswagandh <em>Withania somnifera<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Night Jasmine<em> <\/em><em><\/em><em>Cestrum nocturnum<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Day Jasmine <em>Cestrum diurnum<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Thorn apple<em> <\/em><em><\/em><em>Datura metel<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"references\"><\/span><strong>References<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>Keshari A.K, Ghimire K.R, Mishra B.S, Adhikari K.K (2012), A Textbook of Higher Secondary Biology, Vidyarthi Pustak Bhandar, Kathmandu, pp 470-473.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>https:\/\/study.com\/academy\/lesson\/solanaceae-overview-examples-facts.html<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>https:\/\/ocm.govtsciencecollegedurg.ac.in\/Document\/407_073855.pdf<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/plant\/Solanaceae<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>https:\/\/collegedunia.com\/exams\/floral-formula-of-family-solanaceae-diagram-and-scientific-classification-biology-articleid-4240<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>https:\/\/www.askmattrab.com\/notes\/38-Family-Solanaceae<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>https:\/\/books.google.com.np\/books?id=mnGS2ZE6iA0C&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;source=gbs_ge_summary_r&amp;cad=0#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>https:\/\/www.ecobiohub.com\/angiosperm-plant-families-and-floral-formula\/<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/agricultural-and-biological-sciences\/solanaceae<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science\/solanaceae<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>https:\/\/www.gardenersworld.com\/how-to\/grow-plants\/plant-families-solanaceae\/<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Systematic Position of Solanaceae Family Kingdom Plantae&nbsp;(Plants) Subkingdom Tracheobionta&nbsp;(Vascular plants) Superdivision Spermatophyta&nbsp;(Seed plants) Division Magnoliophyta&nbsp;(Flowering plants) Class Magnoliopsida&nbsp;(Dicotyledons) Subclass Asteridae Order Solanales Family Solanaceae Distribution of Solanaceae Family Habit and &#8230; <a title=\"Solanaceae Family (Night Shade or Potato Family)\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/solanaceae-family-night-shade-potato\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Solanaceae Family (Night Shade or Potato Family)\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":38,"featured_media":43702,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6189],"tags":[],"custom":{"td_video":"","featured_image":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Solanaceae-Family-Night-Shade-or-Potato-Family.jpeg","author":{"name":"Tek Raj Ojha","avatar":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/edafc2bbeec19c8006243feadf21184e?s=96&d=mm&r=g"},"categories":[{"term_id":6189,"name":"Biology","slug":"biology","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":6189,"taxonomy":"category","description":"<strong>Biology is a vast discipline that deals with the study of living beings and their vital processes, that deal with the physicochemical aspects of life.<\/strong>\r\n\r\nBiology is a natural science that utilizes different structural and functional concepts for the differentiation of living beings from non-living beings.\r\nAt present times, as a result of cross-disciplinary research, other disciplines like chemistry, physics, computer science, and medicine have been integrated with biology, resulting in areas like biochemistry, biophysics, biomedicine, and bioinformatics.\r\nBiology is further divided into separate branches for the convenience of study, even though all of these branches are interrelated to one another.\r\nBiology is separated into botany (the study of plants) and zoology (the study of animals), morphology (structure), and physiology (function).\r\nLiving beings have been divided into different kingdoms, phylum, classes, orders, and genus to make the identification and studies related to different organisms more feasible.\r\nTraditionally, biology was only associated with the structure and function of living beings.\r\nWith time, however, biology deals with the fundamental levels of life, resulting in a separate discipline termed, molecular biology.\r\nBiology has now been developed into modern biology which is based on certain foundations like cell theory, evolution, genetics, homeostasis, and chemical energy.\r\nBiology defines cell as the fundamental unit of life, which is common in all living beings, microscopic, and macroscopic.\r\nBesides, other concepts like evolution and genomics further help in understanding the origin, evolution, and relationship among living beings.\r\nGenetics is another component of biology that helps in the differentiation of living beings based on their genomic composition.\r\nHomeostasis is another crucial unit of biology which suggests that all living organisms maintain a constant internal environment.\r\nNon-living parts of the world like the air, water, and soil have been closely related to the living world, which creates a close relationship between biology and the environment.\r\n\r\n<strong>Developmental biology is a branch of natural science that studies various interactions involved in the formation of the heterogeneous shape, structure, and size of different organisms that occur during the development of an embryo into an adult.<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>In short, developmental biology is a discipline that deals with the processes involved in the development of a multicellular organism as controlled by genetic information.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Developmental biology studies the mechanisms of development, differentiation, and growth in plants and animals at the cellular, molecular, genetic, and evolutionary levels.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Different forms of reproduction like sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction, metamorphosis, and germination of seeds and embryos are essential aspects of developmental biology.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Developmental biology is a fast-growing discipline that is interrelated with a vast array of disciplines like molecular biology, anatomy, cancer biology, immunology, ecology, evolutionary biology, cell biology, and physiology.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Studies done in developmental biology have provided information on the molecular genetics of development, growth factors, oncogenes, the evolution of developmental control, mechanisms of differentiation, gametogenesis, fertilization, and control of gene expression.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Other areas of emphasis in developmental biology include transcriptional control, cell-cell interactions, regulatory hierarchies, signal transduction, etc.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The development of developmental biology as an important discipline is due to its applications in different areas.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The results of the research are used in fertility clinics where the information is used for artificial insemination, test-tube culture, and to treat other infertility issues.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Tissue engineering is another essential technique that utilizes concepts of developmental biology to grow replacement tissues in plastic dishes and to control the formation of cancer cells.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Reactivation of stem cells to grow replacement tissues is also by virtue of accomplishments made in developmental biology.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>In agriculture, techniques developed for selective breeding by optimizing root systems, plant size, and flowering time has allowed for a better and increased harvest.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Cancer biology is a branch of biology that studies the complex expression of genes, proteins, and biological processes that initiated the development and growth of\u00a0cancers.<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Understanding the many different biological systems underlying cancer\u2019s development is essential for understanding cancer and identifying new targets for treatment.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Most of the researches in cancer biology are concerned with genomic conservation; in particular, how the genetic composition of cell ensure that no errors occur during processes like copying the genome or repairing it after damage.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The genetic conservation also ensures that a complete copy of the genome is inherited by each daughter cell.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Cancer results when one or all of these processes go wrong, which leads to inconsistency in cancer cells that can successfully be exploited for treatment.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Another critical aspect of cancer biology is studies related to protein function and interactions on a systems-wide scale to identify how signaling pathways are restructured in cancer cells, and how this affects cell behavior, cell shape, and cell metabolism.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Cancer cells are transformed cells after acquiring a series of changes that permit them to form tumors, which behave differently depending on the genetic changes that result in this transformation.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The hallmarks of cancer cells include signs like self-sufficiency in growth signals, evasion of programmed cell death, insensitivity to growth-inhibitory signals, limitless replicative potential, sustained angiogenesis, and tissue invasion.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Cancer biology is a vast branch that studies the process of carcinogenesis, mutations, carcinogens, and cellular changes.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The role of cancer biology in the perioperative period is of increasing interest as it provides evidence regarding fundamental principles of cancer biology, especially tumor microenvironment, and discusses new therapeutic opportunities.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Different researches in cancer biology help in the identification of cancer symptoms and the formation of malignant tumors of different cells found in living beings.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>These researches also enable the differentiation between normal cells and cancer cells which assists in the early diagnosis of cancer.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","parent":0,"count":195,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":6189,"category_count":195,"category_description":"<strong>Biology is a vast discipline that deals with the study of living beings and their vital processes, that deal with the physicochemical aspects of life.<\/strong>\r\n\r\nBiology is a natural science that utilizes different structural and functional concepts for the differentiation of living beings from non-living beings.\r\nAt present times, as a result of cross-disciplinary research, other disciplines like chemistry, physics, computer science, and medicine have been integrated with biology, resulting in areas like biochemistry, biophysics, biomedicine, and bioinformatics.\r\nBiology is further divided into separate branches for the convenience of study, even though all of these branches are interrelated to one another.\r\nBiology is separated into botany (the study of plants) and zoology (the study of animals), morphology (structure), and physiology (function).\r\nLiving beings have been divided into different kingdoms, phylum, classes, orders, and genus to make the identification and studies related to different organisms more feasible.\r\nTraditionally, biology was only associated with the structure and function of living beings.\r\nWith time, however, biology deals with the fundamental levels of life, resulting in a separate discipline termed, molecular biology.\r\nBiology has now been developed into modern biology which is based on certain foundations like cell theory, evolution, genetics, homeostasis, and chemical energy.\r\nBiology defines cell as the fundamental unit of life, which is common in all living beings, microscopic, and macroscopic.\r\nBesides, other concepts like evolution and genomics further help in understanding the origin, evolution, and relationship among living beings.\r\nGenetics is another component of biology that helps in the differentiation of living beings based on their genomic composition.\r\nHomeostasis is another crucial unit of biology which suggests that all living organisms maintain a constant internal environment.\r\nNon-living parts of the world like the air, water, and soil have been closely related to the living world, which creates a close relationship between biology and the environment.\r\n\r\n<strong>Developmental biology is a branch of natural science that studies various interactions involved in the formation of the heterogeneous shape, structure, and size of different organisms that occur during the development of an embryo into an adult.<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>In short, developmental biology is a discipline that deals with the processes involved in the development of a multicellular organism as controlled by genetic information.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Developmental biology studies the mechanisms of development, differentiation, and growth in plants and animals at the cellular, molecular, genetic, and evolutionary levels.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Different forms of reproduction like sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction, metamorphosis, and germination of seeds and embryos are essential aspects of developmental biology.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Developmental biology is a fast-growing discipline that is interrelated with a vast array of disciplines like molecular biology, anatomy, cancer biology, immunology, ecology, evolutionary biology, cell biology, and physiology.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Studies done in developmental biology have provided information on the molecular genetics of development, growth factors, oncogenes, the evolution of developmental control, mechanisms of differentiation, gametogenesis, fertilization, and control of gene expression.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Other areas of emphasis in developmental biology include transcriptional control, cell-cell interactions, regulatory hierarchies, signal transduction, etc.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The development of developmental biology as an important discipline is due to its applications in different areas.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The results of the research are used in fertility clinics where the information is used for artificial insemination, test-tube culture, and to treat other infertility issues.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Tissue engineering is another essential technique that utilizes concepts of developmental biology to grow replacement tissues in plastic dishes and to control the formation of cancer cells.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Reactivation of stem cells to grow replacement tissues is also by virtue of accomplishments made in developmental biology.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>In agriculture, techniques developed for selective breeding by optimizing root systems, plant size, and flowering time has allowed for a better and increased harvest.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<strong>Cancer biology is a branch of biology that studies the complex expression of genes, proteins, and biological processes that initiated the development and growth of\u00a0cancers.<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Understanding the many different biological systems underlying cancer\u2019s development is essential for understanding cancer and identifying new targets for treatment.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Most of the researches in cancer biology are concerned with genomic conservation; in particular, how the genetic composition of cell ensure that no errors occur during processes like copying the genome or repairing it after damage.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The genetic conservation also ensures that a complete copy of the genome is inherited by each daughter cell.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Cancer results when one or all of these processes go wrong, which leads to inconsistency in cancer cells that can successfully be exploited for treatment.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Another critical aspect of cancer biology is studies related to protein function and interactions on a systems-wide scale to identify how signaling pathways are restructured in cancer cells, and how this affects cell behavior, cell shape, and cell metabolism.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Cancer cells are transformed cells after acquiring a series of changes that permit them to form tumors, which behave differently depending on the genetic changes that result in this transformation.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The hallmarks of cancer cells include signs like self-sufficiency in growth signals, evasion of programmed cell death, insensitivity to growth-inhibitory signals, limitless replicative potential, sustained angiogenesis, and tissue invasion.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Cancer biology is a vast branch that studies the process of carcinogenesis, mutations, carcinogens, and cellular changes.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The role of cancer biology in the perioperative period is of increasing interest as it provides evidence regarding fundamental principles of cancer biology, especially tumor microenvironment, and discusses new therapeutic opportunities.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Different researches in cancer biology help in the identification of cancer symptoms and the formation of malignant tumors of different cells found in living beings.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>These researches also enable the differentiation between normal cells and cancer cells which assists in the early diagnosis of cancer.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","cat_name":"Biology","category_nicename":"biology","category_parent":0}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43695"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/38"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43695"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43695\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44082,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43695\/revisions\/44082"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/43702"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43695"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43695"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=43695"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}