{"id":41258,"date":"2023-08-03T14:59:36","date_gmt":"2023-08-03T09:14:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/heterochromatin-vs-euchromatin\/"},"modified":"2023-08-03T14:59:36","modified_gmt":"2023-08-03T09:14:36","slug":"heterochromatin-vs-euchromatin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/heterochromatin-vs-euchromatin\/","title":{"rendered":"Heterochromatin vs. Euchromatin: 16 Differences, Examples"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_29476\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-29476\" style=\"width: 890px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29476 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Differences-Between-Heterochromatin-and-Euchromatin.jpeg\" alt=\"Differences Between Heterochromatin and Euchromatin\" width=\"900\" height=\"472\" srcset=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Differences-Between-Heterochromatin-and-Euchromatin.jpeg 900w, https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Differences-Between-Heterochromatin-and-Euchromatin-300x157.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Differences-Between-Heterochromatin-and-Euchromatin-768x403.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-29476\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image created using biorender.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_65 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #0a0a0a;color:#0a0a0a\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #0a0a0a;color:#0a0a0a\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/heterochromatin-vs-euchromatin\/#heterochromatin-definition\" title=\"Heterochromatin Definition\">Heterochromatin Definition<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/heterochromatin-vs-euchromatin\/#read-also-dna-structure-properties-types-and-functions\" title=\"Read Also:\u00a0DNA- Structure, Properties, Types and Functions\">Read Also:\u00a0DNA- Structure, Properties, Types and Functions<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/heterochromatin-vs-euchromatin\/#euchromatin-definition\" title=\"Euchromatin Definition\">Euchromatin Definition<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/heterochromatin-vs-euchromatin\/#read-also-different-forms-of-dna-a-form-b-form-z-form\" title=\"Read Also:\u00a0Different forms of DNA- A form, B form, Z form\">Read Also:\u00a0Different forms of DNA- A form, B form, Z form<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/heterochromatin-vs-euchromatin\/#key-differences-heterochromatin-vs-euchromatin\" title=\"Key Differences (Heterochromatin vs Euchromatin)\">Key Differences (Heterochromatin vs Euchromatin)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/heterochromatin-vs-euchromatin\/#basis-for-comparison\" title=\"Basis for Comparison\">Basis for Comparison<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/heterochromatin-vs-euchromatin\/#heterochromatin\" title=\"Heterochromatin\">Heterochromatin<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/heterochromatin-vs-euchromatin\/#euchromatin\" title=\"Euchromatin\">Euchromatin<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/heterochromatin-vs-euchromatin\/#references-and-sources\" title=\"References and Sources\">References and Sources<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"heterochromatin-definition\"><\/span><strong>Heterochromatin Definition<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Heterochromatin is a tightly packed or condensed DNA that is characterized by intense stains when stained with nuclear stains, containing transcriptionally inactive sequences.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It exists in multiple variations, up to four to five state, each of which is marked with combinations of epigenetic markers.<\/li>\n<li>The staining of heterochromatin might result in heteropycnosis; heteropycnosis is the differential staining of parts of chromosomes.<\/li>\n<li>This chromosome is different from euchromatin in that the genes in these chromosomes are usually inactivated and are not expressed.<\/li>\n<li>Heterochromatin is present in the nucleus towards the periphery. It is also not present in prokaryotic cells, indicating this form appeared later during evolution.<\/li>\n<li>However, the two most common heterochromatin include; constitutive heterochromatin and\u00a0facultative heterochromatin.<\/li>\n<li>Constitutive heterochromatin usually packages the same sequences of DNA in all cells of the same species. It is usually repetitive and is present in structural forms like telomeres and <a href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/centromere-definition-structure-position-types-functions\/\">centromeres<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>The genes in constitutive heterochromatin might affect the genes present near the tightly packed chromosomes.<\/li>\n<li>In humans, genes 1, 9, 16, and the Y chromosomes in men contain larger quantities of this heterochromatin.<\/li>\n<li>Facultative heterochromatin packages genes that are usually silenced through various mechanisms; however, unlike constitutive heterochromatin, facultative chromatin packages different genes in different organisms within the same species.<\/li>\n<li>The facultative chromosome is not repetitive but has the same structural components as the constitutive heterochromatin.<\/li>\n<li>The formation of facultative heterochromatin is regulated by the process of morphogenesis or differentiation.<\/li>\n<li>In humans, one of the two X chromosomes in women is inactivated as facultative heterochromatin while the other is expressed as euchromatin.<\/li>\n<li>Heterochromatin has multiple functions. Some of which include gene regulation and chromosomes integrity.<\/li>\n<li>The tightly packaged DNA in heterochromatin prevents the chromosomes from various protein factors that might lead to the binding of DNA or the inaccurate destruction of chromosomes by endonucleases.<\/li>\n<li>Besides, heterochromatin also allows gene regulation and the inheritance of epigenetic markers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"read-also-dna-structure-properties-types-and-functions\"><\/span><strong>Read Also:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/dna-structure-properties-types-and-functions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">DNA- Structure, Properties, Types and Functions<\/a><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"euchromatin-definition\"><\/span><strong>Euchromatin Definition<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Euchromatin is a more lightly packed DNA that is characterized by less intense staining and DNA sequences that are transcriptionally active or might become transcriptionally-active at some point during growth.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Euchromatin is present towards the center of the nucleus and accounts for about 90% of the genome in an organism.<\/li>\n<li>Under an optical microscope, it appears as light-colored bands after staining. All parts of euchromatin are uniformly stained, which doesn\u2019t result in heteropycnosis.<\/li>\n<li>Under an electron microscope, however, it appears as an elongated 10 nm microfibril.<\/li>\n<li>The structure of euchromatin can be represented as an unfolded set of beads in a string where the beads are the nucleosomes. The nucleosomes contain histone proteins that coat a particular number of DNA around.<\/li>\n<li>In euchromatin, the wrapping around by histone proteins is loose, and thus the individual DNA sequences might be accessible.<\/li>\n<li>The conformation of euchromatin is said to be controlled by a methylated part in the chromosome called histone tail.<\/li>\n<li>Euchromatin is the only confirmation of chromosomes in the case of the prokaryotic genome, which suggests that this form evolved earlier than heterochromatin.<\/li>\n<li>Unlike heterochromatin, euchromatin doesn\u2019t exist in two forms. It only exists as constitutive euchromatin.<\/li>\n<li>Euchromatin is extremely important as it contains genes that are transcripted into RNA, which are then translated into proteins.<\/li>\n<li>The unfolded structure of DNA in euchromatin allows regulatory proteins and RNA polymerase to bind to the sequences so that the process of transcription can initiate.<\/li>\n<li>It is possible for some genes in the euchromatin to be converted into heterochromatin when they are not to be transcribed and are no longer active.<\/li>\n<li>The transformation of euchromatin to heterochromatin acts as a method for regulating gene expression and replication.<\/li>\n<li>For this purpose, some genes like housekeeping genes are always arranged in euchromatin conformation as they have to be continuously replicated and transcribed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"read-also-different-forms-of-dna-a-form-b-form-z-form\"><\/span><strong>Read Also:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/different-forms-of-dna-b-form-a-form-z-form\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Different forms of DNA- A form, B form, Z form<\/a><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"key-differences-heterochromatin-vs-euchromatin\"><\/span><strong>Key Differences (Heterochromatin vs Euchromatin)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<table style=\"width: 92.4437%; height: 1561px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 65px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25.0251%; text-align: center; height: 65px;\" width=\"213\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"basis-for-comparison\"><\/span><strong>Basis for Comparison<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 34.6741%; text-align: center; height: 65px;\" width=\"213\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"heterochromatin\"><\/span><strong>Heterochromatin<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 32.562%; text-align: center; height: 65px;\" width=\"213\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"euchromatin\"><\/span><strong>Euchromatin<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 176px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25.0251%; height: 176px;\" width=\"213\"><strong>Definition<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 34.6741%; height: 176px;\" width=\"213\">Heterochromatin is a tightly packed or condensed DNA that is characterized by intense stains when stained with nuclear stains and transcriptionally inactive sequences.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 32.562%; height: 176px;\" width=\"213\">Euchromatin is a more lightly packed DNA that is characterized by less intense staining and DNA sequences that are transcriptionally active or might become transcriptionally-active at some point during growth.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 80px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25.0251%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\"><strong>Staining<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 34.6741%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\">Heterochromatin is darkly stained under nuclear stains.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 32.562%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\">Euchromatin is lightly stained under nuclear stains.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 80px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25.0251%; height: 160px;\" rowspan=\"2\" width=\"213\"><strong>DNA conformation<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 34.6741%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\">In heterochromatin, the DNA is tightly bound or condensed.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 32.562%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\">In euchromatin, the DNA is lightly bound or compressed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 80px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 34.6741%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\">The DNA in heterochromatin is folded with the histone proteins.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 32.562%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\">The DNA in euchromatin is unfolded to form a beaded structure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 104px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25.0251%; height: 104px;\" width=\"213\"><strong>Genes<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 34.6741%; height: 104px;\" width=\"213\">The genes present in heterochromatin are usually inactive.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 32.562%; height: 104px;\" width=\"213\">The genes present in euchromatin are either already active or will be active during growth.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 56px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25.0251%; height: 56px;\" width=\"213\"><strong>Transcription<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 34.6741%; height: 56px;\" width=\"213\">Heterochromatin is transcriptionally-inactive.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 32.562%; height: 56px;\" width=\"213\">Euchromatin is transcriptionally-active.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 104px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25.0251%; height: 104px;\" width=\"213\"><strong>DNA content<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 34.6741%; height: 104px;\" width=\"213\">Heterochromatin has more amount of DNA tightly compressed with the histone proteins.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 32.562%; height: 104px;\" width=\"213\">Euchromatin has less amount of DNA lightly compressed with the histone proteins.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 104px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25.0251%; height: 104px;\" width=\"213\"><strong>Content in genome<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 34.6741%; height: 104px;\" width=\"213\">Heterochromatin forms a smaller part of the genome. In humans, it makes about 8-10% of the genome.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 32.562%; height: 104px;\" width=\"213\">Euchromatin forms a more significant part of the genome. In humans, it makes about 90-92% of the genome.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 80px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25.0251%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\"><strong>Found in<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 34.6741%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\">Heterochromatin is found only in eukaryotes.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 32.562%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\">Euchromatin is found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 80px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25.0251%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\"><strong>Types<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 34.6741%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\">Heterochromatin exists in two forms; constitutive and facultative heterochromatin.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 32.562%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\">Euchromatin exists in a single form; constitutive euchromatin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 80px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25.0251%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\"><strong>Location within the nucleus<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 34.6741%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\">Heterochromatin is present towards the periphery of the nucleus.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 32.562%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\">Euchromatin is present in the inner body of the nucleus.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 80px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25.0251%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\"><strong>Heteropycnosis<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 34.6741%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\">Heterochromatin exhibits heteropycnosis.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 32.562%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\">Euchromatin doesn\u2019t exhibit heteropycnosis.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 80px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25.0251%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\"><strong>Replicative<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 34.6741%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\">Heterochromatin is a late replicative that replicate later than euchromatin.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 32.562%; height: 80px;\" width=\"213\">Euchromatin is an early replicative that replicate earlier than euchromatin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 104px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25.0251%; height: 104px;\" width=\"213\"><strong>Genetic processes<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 34.6741%; height: 104px;\" width=\"213\">Heterochromatin is not affected by genetic processes where the alleles are not varied.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 32.562%; height: 104px;\" width=\"213\">Euchromatin is affected by various genetic processes that result in variation within the alleles.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 104px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25.0251%; height: 104px;\" width=\"213\"><strong>Function<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 34.6741%; height: 104px;\" width=\"213\">Heterochromatin maintains the structural integrity of the genome and allows the regulation of gene expression.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 32.562%; height: 104px;\" width=\"213\">Euchromatin allows the genes to be transcribed and variation to occur within the genes.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 104px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25.0251%; height: 104px;\" width=\"213\"><strong>Examples<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 34.6741%; height: 104px;\" width=\"213\">Telomeres and centromeres, Barr bodies, one of the X chromosomes, genes 1, 9, and 16 of humans are some examples of heterochromatin.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 32.562%; height: 104px;\" width=\"213\">All the chromosomes in the genome except the heterochromatin are examples of euchromatin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"references-and-sources\"><\/span><strong>References and Sources<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Murakami Y. (2013) Heterochromatin and Euchromatin. In: Dubitzky W., Wolkenhauer O., Cho KH., Yokota H. (eds) Encyclopedia of Systems Biology. Springer, New York, NY<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">2% &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3760772\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3760772\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">2% &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/uk.answers.yahoo.com\/question\/index?qid=20100414192214AA7m1E2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/uk.answers.yahoo.com\/question\/index?qid=20100414192214AA7m1E2<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">1% &#8211; https:\/\/www.slideshare.net\/hitheshck\/heterochromatin-and-euchromatin-mains<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">1% &#8211; https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology\/heterochromatin<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">1% &#8211; https:\/\/www.bionity.com\/en\/encyclopedia\/Heterochromatin.html<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">1% &#8211; https:\/\/www.answers.com\/Q\/WHAT_IS_Heterochromatin_and_euchromatin<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">1% &#8211; https:\/\/genomebiology.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/gb-2000-1-1-reports407<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">&lt;1% &#8211; https:\/\/www.biology-pages.info\/C\/Chromosomes.html<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">&lt;1% &#8211; https:\/\/pediaa.com\/difference-between-euchromatin-and-heterochromatin\/<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">&lt;1% &#8211; https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/X_chromosome<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Heterochromatin Definition Heterochromatin is a tightly packed or condensed DNA that is characterized by intense stains when stained with nuclear stains, containing transcriptionally inactive sequences. It exists in multiple variations, &#8230; <a title=\"Heterochromatin vs. Euchromatin: 16 Differences, Examples\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/heterochromatin-vs-euchromatin\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Heterochromatin vs. Euchromatin: 16 Differences, Examples\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":29476,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1025,6193],"tags":[5502,5501,5499,5500],"custom":{"td_video":"","featured_image":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Differences-Between-Heterochromatin-and-Euchromatin.jpeg","author":{"name":"Anupama Sapkota","avatar":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0e9c86afc1670c49efeb260138ec905b?s=96&d=mm&r=g"},"categories":[{"term_id":1025,"name":"Difference Between","slug":"difference-between","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1025,"taxonomy":"category","description":"Difference Between Notes. Notes on Difference Between. Online Difference Between related notes. Difference Between Notes for undergraduate and graduate students with diagrams.","parent":0,"count":89,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1025,"category_count":89,"category_description":"Difference Between Notes. Notes on Difference Between. Online Difference Between related notes. Difference Between Notes for undergraduate and graduate students with diagrams.","cat_name":"Difference Between","category_nicename":"difference-between","category_parent":0},{"term_id":6193,"name":"Genetics","slug":"genetics","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":6193,"taxonomy":"category","description":"<strong>Genetics is a branch of natural science that deals with heredity due to the transmission of genes, gene regulation, and gene manipulation.<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Genetics is a connecting link between many disciplines like microbiology, biotechnology, medicine, and agriculture.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Studies involving genes and chromosomes of living beings began quite late as it requires significant advances in the microscopy area.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The influence of heredity and its application of cultivation and production improved organisms, however, had been recognized since ancient times.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The study of genes and genetics began as a major concept after studies made by Mendel on pea plants. It was further strengthened and flourished by the works of Morgan.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Eventually, genetics became a distinct area of study with the identification of genes and the study of genes at different levels, including their role in the cell, their regulation, and their expression.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Initially, genetics was limited to understanding the concept and process of heredity via techniques like the formation of Punnet\u2019s square. With the development of techniques like X-ray diffraction, the structure of DNA, and the presence of genetic code were established. This paved the way for modern genetics.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Modern genetics focuses on the chemical composition of structures found in genes like the DNA that influences the chemical reactions taking place in the cell.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Gene expression is influenced by two major factors; the genetic composition and the influence of the environment.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The influence of the environment on gene expression can be distinctly observed in green plants where the gene responsible for the formation of chlorophyll is only expressed in the presence of sunlight.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u00a0Genes, through the proteins they encode, determine how efficiently foods and chemicals are metabolized, how effectively toxins are detoxified, and even how vigorously infections are targeted.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Processes like mutations are now a significant cause of major genetic diseases. The mutations might arise due to a complex combination of genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","parent":0,"count":79,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":6193,"category_count":79,"category_description":"<strong>Genetics is a branch of natural science that deals with heredity due to the transmission of genes, gene regulation, and gene manipulation.<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Genetics is a connecting link between many disciplines like microbiology, biotechnology, medicine, and agriculture.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Studies involving genes and chromosomes of living beings began quite late as it requires significant advances in the microscopy area.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The influence of heredity and its application of cultivation and production improved organisms, however, had been recognized since ancient times.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The study of genes and genetics began as a major concept after studies made by Mendel on pea plants. It was further strengthened and flourished by the works of Morgan.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Eventually, genetics became a distinct area of study with the identification of genes and the study of genes at different levels, including their role in the cell, their regulation, and their expression.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Initially, genetics was limited to understanding the concept and process of heredity via techniques like the formation of Punnet\u2019s square. With the development of techniques like X-ray diffraction, the structure of DNA, and the presence of genetic code were established. This paved the way for modern genetics.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Modern genetics focuses on the chemical composition of structures found in genes like the DNA that influences the chemical reactions taking place in the cell.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Gene expression is influenced by two major factors; the genetic composition and the influence of the environment.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The influence of the environment on gene expression can be distinctly observed in green plants where the gene responsible for the formation of chlorophyll is only expressed in the presence of sunlight.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u00a0Genes, through the proteins they encode, determine how efficiently foods and chemicals are metabolized, how effectively toxins are detoxified, and even how vigorously infections are targeted.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Processes like mutations are now a significant cause of major genetic diseases. The mutations might arise due to a complex combination of genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","cat_name":"Genetics","category_nicename":"genetics","category_parent":0}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41258"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41258"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41258\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29476"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41258"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41258"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41258"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}