{"id":1858,"date":"2022-02-08T14:08:49","date_gmt":"2022-02-08T08:23:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/?p=1858"},"modified":"2022-09-05T14:03:39","modified_gmt":"2022-09-05T08:18:39","slug":"fields-of-microbiology","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/fields-of-microbiology\/","title":{"rendered":"Fields of Microbiology"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Microbiology is one of the most applied of all the biological sciences which did not exist as a true science before the later part of 19th century.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">It is defined as the study of microorganisms that is the organisms which are of microscopic dimensions and too small to be clearly perceived by the unaided human eye.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Because most of the microorganisms are only a few thousand of a mm in size, they can only be seen with the aid of microscope.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Due to the invisibility of microbes to the naked eye and the need for special techniques to study them, microbiology was the last of the three major divisions in biology (the other two are botany and zoology) to develop.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The branches that come under the large and expanding umbrella of microbiology are categorized into pure and applied sciences.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1859\" src=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Fields-of-Microbiology.jpg\" alt=\"Fields of Microbiology\" width=\"800\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Fields-of-Microbiology.jpg 800w, https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Fields-of-Microbiology-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Fields-of-Microbiology-768x403.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_65 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #0a0a0a;color:#0a0a0a\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #0a0a0a;color:#0a0a0a\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/fields-of-microbiology\/#major-fields-of-pure-sciences\" title=\"Major Fields of Pure Sciences\">Major Fields of Pure Sciences<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/fields-of-microbiology\/#major-fields-of-applied-microbiology\" title=\"Major Fields of Applied Microbiology\">Major Fields of Applied Microbiology<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"major-fields-of-pure-sciences\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Major Fields of Pure Sciences<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Bacteriology: <\/strong>Study of bacteria<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Mycology:<\/strong> Study of fungi (achlorophyllous, heterotrophic, eukaryotic with a rigid cell wall containing chitin\/cellulose)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Protozoology:<\/strong> Study of protozoans (animal like single celled eukaryotic organisms).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Virology: <\/strong>Study of viruses and viral diseases.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Algology or Phycology:<\/strong> Study of algae.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Parasitology: <\/strong>Study of parasitism and parasites (include pathogenic protozoa, helminthes worms and certain insects).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Microbial ecology:<\/strong> Study of interrelationships between microbes and environment.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Microbial morphology:<\/strong> Study of detailed structure of microorganism.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Microbial taxonomy:<\/strong> Concerned with classification, naming and identification of microorganism.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Microbial Physiology: <\/strong>Study of metabolism of microbes at cellular and molecular levels.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Microbial genetics and Molecular Biology:<\/strong> Study of genetic material, structure and function and biochemical reactions of microbial cells involved in metabolism and growth.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"major-fields-of-applied-microbiology\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Major Fields of Applied Microbiology<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Industrial Microbiology: <\/strong>Concerned with industrial uses of microbes in production of alcoholic beverages, vitamins, NH2-acids, enzymes, antibiotics and other drugs.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Agricultural Microbiology:<\/strong> Study of relationships of microbes and crops and on control of plant diseases and improvement of yields.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Food Microbiology:<\/strong> Deals with interaction of microorganisms and food in relation to food&#8217; processing, food spoilage, food borne disease and their prevention<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Dairy Microbiology:<\/strong> Deals with production and maintenance in quality control of dairy products.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Aquatic Microbiology:<\/strong> Study of microorganisms found in fresh estuarine and marine waters.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Air Microbiology:<\/strong> Deals with the role of aerospora in contamination and spoilage of food and dissemination of plant and animal diseases through air.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Exomicrobiology:<\/strong> Deals with exploration for microbial life in outer space.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Medical Microbiology:<\/strong> Causative agents of disease, diagnostic procedure for identification of causative agents, preventive measures.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Immunology:<\/strong> Deals with the immune system that protects against infection and to study serology reactions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Public Health Microbiology:<\/strong> Concerns with monitoring, control and spread of diseases in communities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Biotechnology: <\/strong>Scientific manipulation of living organisms especially at molecular and genetic level to produce useful products.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Microbiology is one of the most applied of all the biological sciences which did not exist as a true science before the later part of 19th century. It is defined &#8230; <a title=\"Fields of Microbiology\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/fields-of-microbiology\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Fields of Microbiology\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1859,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1572],"tags":[3795,3793,3794,3796],"custom":{"td_video":"","featured_image":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Fields-of-Microbiology.jpg","author":{"name":"Sagar Aryal","avatar":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/862472ea06500d4318f1ad82addb608e?s=96&d=mm&r=g"},"categories":[{"term_id":1572,"name":"Basic Microbiology","slug":"basic-microbiology","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1572,"taxonomy":"category","description":"<strong>Microbiology is the branch of science that deals with microscopic organisms and their interaction with other microscopic and macroscopic organisms.<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Microorganisms are tiny microscopic organisms that are too small to be seen with naked eyes and thus, can only be seen with a microscope. Microorganisms include microscopic organisms like bacteria, fungi, archaea, protozoa, and viruses.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Basic microscopy deals with a diverse group of studies that help in research related to the biochemistry, physiology, cell biology, ecology, evolution, and clinical aspects of microorganisms, including the host response to these agents.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Microbiology also deals with the structure, function, classification of such organisms, along with exploiting and controlling their activities.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The concept of microbiology began with the discovery of the microscope by Anton Von Leeuwenhoek.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>On the one hand, microbes are used for their unique features which allow the production of antibiotics, amino acids, hormones, and other therapeutic compounds, and also the production of food and food-related products.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Microorganisms are also involved in the decomposition of components such as lignocellulosic biomass for second-generation ethanol or biogas.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Similarly, certain genetic features and biochemical abilities of microorganisms make them dangerous for industry (food spoilage) as well as human health.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Microbiology, initially, was only associated with pathogenic microorganisms that result in different forms of diseases in different groups of living beings.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>With the establishment of microbiology as a discipline, the application of microorganisms in different areas has also increased.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The use of microorganisms in food and pharmaceuticals has given rise to the branching of microbiology into further disciplines and studies.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Thus, over the years, the branch has been classified into further groups like agriculture microbiology, food microbiology, pharmaceutical microbiology, systemic microbiology, etc.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The studies in microbiology have also increased due to the use of microorganisms in different researches as these are easy to manipulate and reproduce when compared to other living organisms.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Studies in microbiology are essential for the discovery of new and advanced methods for the discovery of emerging microorganisms and associated diseases and applications.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Microbiology also deals with techniques for the identification of these microorganisms, their classification, and the life cycle.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>All of this allows for a better understanding of microorganisms and their role in maintaining the ecosystem.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Microbiology and microorganisms can be applied for the formation of new genetically engineered microorganisms by a process like genetic recombination.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Besides, different microorganisms have found their application in the production of food, industrial products, and antibiotics.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","parent":0,"count":60,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1572,"category_count":60,"category_description":"<strong>Microbiology is the branch of science that deals with microscopic organisms and their interaction with other microscopic and macroscopic organisms.<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Microorganisms are tiny microscopic organisms that are too small to be seen with naked eyes and thus, can only be seen with a microscope. Microorganisms include microscopic organisms like bacteria, fungi, archaea, protozoa, and viruses.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Basic microscopy deals with a diverse group of studies that help in research related to the biochemistry, physiology, cell biology, ecology, evolution, and clinical aspects of microorganisms, including the host response to these agents.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Microbiology also deals with the structure, function, classification of such organisms, along with exploiting and controlling their activities.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The concept of microbiology began with the discovery of the microscope by Anton Von Leeuwenhoek.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>On the one hand, microbes are used for their unique features which allow the production of antibiotics, amino acids, hormones, and other therapeutic compounds, and also the production of food and food-related products.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Microorganisms are also involved in the decomposition of components such as lignocellulosic biomass for second-generation ethanol or biogas.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Similarly, certain genetic features and biochemical abilities of microorganisms make them dangerous for industry (food spoilage) as well as human health.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Microbiology, initially, was only associated with pathogenic microorganisms that result in different forms of diseases in different groups of living beings.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>With the establishment of microbiology as a discipline, the application of microorganisms in different areas has also increased.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The use of microorganisms in food and pharmaceuticals has given rise to the branching of microbiology into further disciplines and studies.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Thus, over the years, the branch has been classified into further groups like agriculture microbiology, food microbiology, pharmaceutical microbiology, systemic microbiology, etc.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The studies in microbiology have also increased due to the use of microorganisms in different researches as these are easy to manipulate and reproduce when compared to other living organisms.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Studies in microbiology are essential for the discovery of new and advanced methods for the discovery of emerging microorganisms and associated diseases and applications.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Microbiology also deals with techniques for the identification of these microorganisms, their classification, and the life cycle.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>All of this allows for a better understanding of microorganisms and their role in maintaining the ecosystem.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Microbiology and microorganisms can be applied for the formation of new genetically engineered microorganisms by a process like genetic recombination.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Besides, different microorganisms have found their application in the production of food, industrial products, and antibiotics.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","cat_name":"Basic Microbiology","category_nicename":"basic-microbiology","category_parent":0}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1858"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1858"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1858\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1859"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1858"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1858"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1858"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}