{"id":1666,"date":"2022-04-15T19:44:36","date_gmt":"2022-04-15T13:59:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/?p=1666"},"modified":"2023-08-03T00:18:47","modified_gmt":"2023-08-02T18:33:47","slug":"centrioles-structure-and-functions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/centrioles-structure-and-functions\/","title":{"rendered":"Centrioles- Definition, Structure, Functions and Diagram"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_65 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #0a0a0a;color:#0a0a0a\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #0a0a0a;color:#0a0a0a\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/centrioles-structure-and-functions\/#centrioles-definition\" title=\"Centrioles Definition\">Centrioles Definition<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/centrioles-structure-and-functions\/#figure-diagram-of-centrioles\" title=\"Figure: Diagram of Centrioles\">Figure: Diagram of Centrioles<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/centrioles-structure-and-functions\/#structure-of-centrioles\" title=\"Structure of Centrioles\">Structure of Centrioles<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/centrioles-structure-and-functions\/#functions-of-centrioles\" title=\"Functions of Centrioles \">Functions of Centrioles <\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/centrioles-structure-and-functions\/#references\" title=\"References\">References<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/centrioles-structure-and-functions\/#centrioles-definition-structure-functions-and-diagram\" title=\"Centrioles- Definition, Structure, Functions and Diagram\">Centrioles- Definition, Structure, Functions and Diagram<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"centrioles-definition\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Centrioles Definition<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Eukaryotic cells contain two cylindrical, rod-shaped, microtubular structures, called centrioles, near the nucleus.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">They lack a limiting membrane and DNA or RNA and occur in most algal cells (a notable exception being red algae), moss cells, some fern cells, and most animal cells. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">They are absent in prokaryotes, red algae, yeast, cone-bearing and flowering plants (conifers and angiosperms) and some non-flagellated or non-ciliated protozoans (such as amoebae).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Centrioles form a spindle of microtubules, the mitotic apparatus during mitosis or meiosis and sometimes get arranged just beneath the plasma membrane to form and bear flagella or cilia in flagellated or ciliated cells.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">When a centriole bears a flagellum or cilium, it is called the basal body.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1667\" src=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Centrioles-Structure-and-Functions.jpg\" alt=\"Centrioles- Structure and Functions\" width=\"800\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Centrioles-Structure-and-Functions.jpg 800w, https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Centrioles-Structure-and-Functions-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Centrioles-Structure-and-Functions-768x403.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"figure-diagram-of-centrioles\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Figure: Diagram of Centrioles<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"structure-of-centrioles\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Structure of Centrioles<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Centrioles and basal bodies are cylindrical structures which are 0.15\u20130.25 um in diameter usually 0.3\u20130.7 um in length, though, some are as short as 0.16 um and others are as long as 8um.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">They are visible under a light microscope, but the details of the centriole structure were revealed only under an electron microscope.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Each cell has a pair of centrioles in the <a href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/centrosome\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">centrosome<\/a>, a region near the nucleus. The members of each pair of centrioles are at right angles to one another.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">They are minute-sub-microscopic microtubular sub cylinders with a configuration of nine triplet fibrils and the ability to form their own duplicates, astral poles and basal bodies, without having DNA and a membranous covering.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A centriole possesses a whorl of nine peripheral fibrils. Fibrils are absent in the center. The arrangement is, therefore, called 9 + 0. Fibrils run parallel to one another but at an angle of 40\u00b0. Each fibril is made up of three sub-fibers. Therefore, it is called a triplet fibril.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The three sub-fibers are in reality microtubules joined together by their margins and, therefore, sharing the common walls made of 2-3 proto-filaments.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Each sub-fiber has a diameter of 25 nm. From outside to inside the three sub-fibers of a triplet fibril are named as \u0421, \u0412 and A. Sub-fibre A are complete with 13 proto-filaments while \u0412 and \u0421 sub-fibers are incomplete due to sharing of some microfilaments.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The adjacent triplet fibrils are connected by \u0421\u2014A proteinaceous linkers. The center of centriole possesses a rod-shaped proteinaceous mass known as the hub. The hub has a diameter of 2.5 nm. From the hub, develops 9 proteinaceous strands towards the peripheral triplet fibrils. They are called spokes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Each spoke has a thickening called X before uniting with A sub-fiber. Another thickening known as Y is present nearby. It is attached both to X thick\u00adening as well as C &#8211; A linkers by connectives.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Due to the presence of radial spokes and peripheral fibrils, the centriole gives a cartwheel appearance in T.S.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"functions-of-centrioles\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Functions of Centrioles <\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Centrioles are involved in the formation of the spindle apparatus, which functions during cell division.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The absence of centrioles causes divisional errors and delays in the mitotic process.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A single centriole forms the anchor point, or basal body, for each individual cilium or flagellum.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Basal bodies direct the formation of <a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/cilia-and-flagella-structure-and-functions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>cilia and flagella<\/strong><\/a> as well.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"references\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>References<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Verma, P. S., &amp; Agrawal, V. K. (2006). Cell Biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Evolution &amp; Ecology (1 ed.). S .Chand and company Ltd.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Stephen R. Bolsover,\u00a0Elizabeth A. Shephard,\u00a0Hugh A. White,\u00a0Jeremy S. Hyams\u00a0(2011). Cell Biology: A short Course (3 ed.).Hoboken,NJ: John Wiley and Sons.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Alberts, B. (2004).\u00a0Essential cell biology. New York, NY: Garland Science Pub.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Winey, M., &amp; O&#8217;Toole, E. (2014). Centriole structure.\u00a0Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences,\u00a0369(1650), 20130457.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.biologydiscussion.com\/cell\/centrioles\/centrioles-structure-and-functions-with-diagram\/70541.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.biologydiscussion.com\/cell\/centrioles\/centrioles-structure-and-functions-with-diagram\/70541.<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"centrioles-definition-structure-functions-and-diagram\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Centrioles- Definition, Structure, Functions and Diagram<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Centrioles Definition Eukaryotic cells contain two cylindrical, rod-shaped, microtubular structures, called centrioles, near the nucleus. They lack a limiting membrane and DNA or RNA and occur in most algal cells &#8230; <a title=\"Centrioles- Definition, Structure, Functions and Diagram\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/centrioles-structure-and-functions\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Centrioles- Definition, Structure, Functions and Diagram\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1667,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3177],"tags":[3311,3313,3312,3314],"custom":{"td_video":"","featured_image":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Centrioles-Structure-and-Functions.jpg","author":{"name":"Sagar Aryal","avatar":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/862472ea06500d4318f1ad82addb608e?s=96&d=mm&r=g"},"categories":[{"term_id":3177,"name":"Cell Biology","slug":"cell-biology","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":3177,"taxonomy":"category","description":"<strong>Cell biology or cytology is a branch of biology that deals with studies related to the structure and function of a cell-based on the concept that the cell is the fundamental unit of life.<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A detailed study of the cellular structure and function provides a basis for studies related to tissues, organs, and the body.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The number of cells in an organism might differ as some organisms have a single cell while others are made up of billions of cells.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the case of single-celled organisms, the singular cell is studied, whereas, for multicellular organisms, individual cells of different tissues are studied.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Initially, only the outer structure of a cell was studied due to the lack of complex microscopic processes.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Over the years, however, advancements in other areas have made it possible to study the internal cellular components of a cell.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Apart from the cell structure and function, cell biology also deals with cell communication and signaling.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cell biology also involves the studying of the cell cycle and cell division, which provides insight into the cellular composition of an organism.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cell biology is also linked with other studies like genetics, molecular biology, cytochemistry, and biochemistry.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cells are distinguished as prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells based on the complexity of the cell.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cell biology enables studying the biochemical mechanisms involved in cell metabolism and different forms of cellular energy.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Focusing on the structural and functional aspects of a single cell allows a detailed understanding of the body overall.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It is also easier to perform research on a single cell as it can be modified and observed efficiently.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Techniques in cell biology have advanced over the years with new and improved imaging techniques to observe smaller cellular organelles.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cell biology, together with systemic biology, helps in the answering of complex questions like the relationship between cellular networks, the evolutionary relationship between genomes, and the complexity of the biomolecular composition of different living organisms.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","parent":0,"count":107,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":3177,"category_count":107,"category_description":"<strong>Cell biology or cytology is a branch of biology that deals with studies related to the structure and function of a cell-based on the concept that the cell is the fundamental unit of life.<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A detailed study of the cellular structure and function provides a basis for studies related to tissues, organs, and the body.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The number of cells in an organism might differ as some organisms have a single cell while others are made up of billions of cells.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the case of single-celled organisms, the singular cell is studied, whereas, for multicellular organisms, individual cells of different tissues are studied.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Initially, only the outer structure of a cell was studied due to the lack of complex microscopic processes.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Over the years, however, advancements in other areas have made it possible to study the internal cellular components of a cell.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Apart from the cell structure and function, cell biology also deals with cell communication and signaling.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cell biology also involves the studying of the cell cycle and cell division, which provides insight into the cellular composition of an organism.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cell biology is also linked with other studies like genetics, molecular biology, cytochemistry, and biochemistry.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cells are distinguished as prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells based on the complexity of the cell.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cell biology enables studying the biochemical mechanisms involved in cell metabolism and different forms of cellular energy.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Focusing on the structural and functional aspects of a single cell allows a detailed understanding of the body overall.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It is also easier to perform research on a single cell as it can be modified and observed efficiently.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Techniques in cell biology have advanced over the years with new and improved imaging techniques to observe smaller cellular organelles.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cell biology, together with systemic biology, helps in the answering of complex questions like the relationship between cellular networks, the evolutionary relationship between genomes, and the complexity of the biomolecular composition of different living organisms.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","cat_name":"Cell Biology","category_nicename":"cell-biology","category_parent":0}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1666"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1666"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1666\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1667"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1666"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1666"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microbenotes.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1666"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}