Bacteria

Gram-Positive vs Gram-Negative Bacteria- 31 Differences with Examples

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Differences Between Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria

  Gram Positive vs Gram Negative Bacteria (31 Major Differences) S.N. Character Gram-Positive Bacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria 1. Gram Reaction Retain crystal violet dye and stain blue or purple on Gram’s staining. Accept safranin after decolorization and stain pink or red on Gram’s staining. 2. Cell wall thickness Thick (20-80 nm) Thin (8-10 nm) 3. Peptidoglycan Layer Thick (multilayered) Thin (single-layered) 4. Rigidity and Elasticity Rigid and less elastic Less rigid and more elastic 5. Outer Membrane Absent Present 6. Variety … Read more

Bacteria vs Virus- 28 Major Differences with Examples

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Differences Between Bacteria and Virus

Some of the differences between bacteria and virus are as follows: S.N. Character Bacteria Virus 1. Cell type Prokaryotic cells Acellular 2. Number of cells Single-celled No cell 3. Size Larger than viruses (0.3-2 μ) Minute (0.02-0.3 μ) 4. Microscopy Visible under Light Microscope. Visible only under an Electron Microscope. 5. Shape  Common bacterial cell shapes include cocci (spherical), bacilli (rod-shaped), spiral, and vibrio (comma-shaped). Viruses typically have spherical (polyhedral), rod-shaped, or helically shaped capsids while some viruses, such as … Read more

Mutation- Causes, Mechanisms, Agents and Significance

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Mutation- Causes, Mechanisms, Agents and Significance

Mutation is a process that produces a gene or chromosome that differs from the wild type (arbitrary standard for what “normal” is for an organism). It is most commonly defined as a spontaneous permanent change in a gene or chromosome which usually produces a detectable effect in the organism concerned and is transmitted to the offsprings. Mutated gene or chromosome results from a mutational process while the organism or cell whose changed phenotype is attributed to a mutation is said … Read more

Bacteria vs Fungi- Definition, 21 Major Differences, Examples

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Differences between Bacteria and Fungi (Bacteria vs Fungi)

Bacteria Definition Bacteria are single-celled microscopic organisms that are characterized by the presence of incipient nucleus and few membrane-less cell organelles. Bacteria are diverse in shape, size, and color, and their habitats also vary ranging from soil, water, to the insides of living organisms. Bacteria exist in various shapes like cocci, bacillus, or spirilla where the cells are arranged in either chains or clusters. There are different groups of bacteria where some are pathogenic while the rest are harmless or … Read more

Archaea vs Bacteria- Definition, 15 Major Differences, Examples

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Differences between Archaea and Bacteria (Archaea vs Bacteria)

Image Source: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Created using biorender.com. Archaea Definition Archaea is a group of primitive prokaryotes that based on their distinct characteristics form a separate domain from bacteria and eukaryotes. The term ‘Archaea’ is derived from a Greek word, ‘archaios’ which means primitive or ancient, indicating the primitive structure of these organisms. These organisms usually inhabit extreme environments like deep-sea vents, saline waters, hot springs, and even below petroleum deposits. These are mostly anaerobic and live in low-oxygen environments. … Read more