Sanjogta Thapa Magar 
Bioreactor Definition A bioreactor is a type of fermentation vessel that is used for the production of various chemicals and biological reactions. It is a closed container with adequate arrangement … Read more
Milk and its products consist of numerous nutrient content, it serves as an excellent growth medium for all of the microorganisms. Thus, various preservation methods are used to eliminate the growth … Read more
Contamination source of milk The milk source is the mammals such as cows, buffalo, sheep, and goats. Milk is not sterile when obtained from animals. The source of milk contamination … Read more
Introduction Foods of plant and animal origin play an important role in microbial growth. The ability of microorganisms to grow or multiply in such food depends on the food environment. … Read more
Food spoilage is a metabolic process that causes foods to be undesirable or unacceptable for human consumption due to changes in sensory characteristics. Spoilage of food is identified by off-colors, … Read more
Batch Culture Definition In batch culture, all the medium components are placed in the reactor at the start of cultivation except for atmospheric gases, acid or base for pH control, … Read more
Introduction Fish is one of the most consumed seafood and it is a highly perishable food product. Fish and fish products are widely consumed as it is a good nutrition … Read more
Continuous Culture Definition Continuous culture is a continuous process where nutrients are continually added to the bioreactor and the culture broth (containing cells and metabolites) is removed at the same … Read more
Fed-batch culture Definition In simple words, fed-batch culture is a modification to batch fermentation. In fed-batch cultivation, nutrients are added aseptically; it is a semi-open system, and the volume of … Read more
Batch Culture Definition In batch fermentation, all the medium components are placed in the reactor at the start of cultivation except for atmospheric gases, acid or base for pH control, and antifoaming agents. There is a continuous … Read more
